Buczek Alicja, Bartosik Katarzyna, Kuczyński Paweł
Chair and Department of Biology and Parasitology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(2):263-6. doi: 10.5604/1232-1966.1108588.
Despite the increased rates of infestations with I. ricinus (Ir) and D. reticulatus (Dr) ticks observed over the last decade, no effective control methods have been developed so far. The present study was focused on assessment of the action of pyrethroids on these both tick species.
The different doses of four pyrethroids, i.e. deltamethrin - D (K-Othrine), permethrin - P (Copex WP), cypermethrin - C (Kordon 10WP), and alphacypermethrin - AC (Alfasekt 5SC) were tested. The LD₅₀ for each tested compound was also determined for both tick species. Unengorged and engorged (maintained on rabbit skin) tick females were sprayed with 20 ml of 0.01563-0.50% solutions of the tested preparations.
The investigations showed that sensitivity of Ir and Dr to the tested pyrethroids, but the effects exerted by the different doses varied between both tick species and between engorged and unengorged females in these species. The strongest toxic effect on unengorged and engorged Ir and Dr females was exerted by D, whereas the effect of AC was weaker. The LD ₅₀ (in µg/1 g b.w.) of D, AC, C, and P for unengorged Ir and Dr females was, respectively, 55.4 and 25.5, 105.2 and 48.5, 225.9 and 197.7, and 553.8 and 380.8. In the case of engorged Ir and Dr females, the LD₅₀ of AC, D, C, and P reached a value of 0.9453 and 0.2310, 1.0428 and 1.3533, 3.489 and 6.5662, and 8.3955 and 7.3940, respectively.
The differences between the effects of the tested pyrethroids and their different doses on Ir and Dr highlight the necessity for development of a strategy for control of the tick species in different regions, based on investigations of their sensitivity to chemical compounds.
尽管在过去十年中观察到蓖麻硬蜱（Ir）和网纹革蜱（Dr）的侵染率有所上升，但迄今为止尚未开发出有效的控制方法。本研究的重点是评估拟除虫菊酯对这两种蜱虫的作用。
测试了四种拟除虫菊酯的不同剂量，即溴氰菊酯 - D（快灵）、氯菊酯 - P（高卫士可湿性粉剂）、氯氰菊酯 - C（快捕灵10可湿性粉剂）和高效氯氰菊酯 - AC（高效灭百可5悬浮剂）。还测定了每种测试化合物对两种蜱虫的半数致死剂量（LD₅₀）。用20毫升0.01563 - 0.50%的测试制剂溶液喷洒未吸血和已吸血（在兔皮上饲养）的蜱虫雌虫。
研究表明，Ir和Dr对测试的拟除虫菊酯有敏感性，但不同剂量对两种蜱虫以及这些蜱虫中已吸血和未吸血雌虫的影响各不相同。对未吸血和已吸血的Ir和Dr雌虫毒性最强的是D，而AC的作用较弱。未吸血的Ir和Dr雌虫对D、AC、C和P的LD₅₀（以微克/1克体重计）分别为55.4和25.5、105.2和48.5、225.9和197.7、553.8和380.8。对于已吸血的Ir和Dr雌虫，AC、D、C和P的LD₅₀分别达到0.9453和0.2310、1.0428和1.3533、3.489和6.5662、8.3955和7.3940。
测试的拟除虫菊酯及其不同剂量对Ir和Dr的影响差异突出了根据对化合物敏感性的调查制定不同地区蜱虫控制策略的必要性。
