Najda Agnieszka, Dyduch-Siemińska Magdalena, Dyduch Jan, Gantner Magdalena
Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Genetics and Horticultural Plant Breeding, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(2):339-43. doi: 10.5604/1232-1966.1108601.
Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry) belongs to the Rosaceae family. Besides the leaves (Fragariae folium) and roots (Fragariae radix), the aromatic fruits (Fragariae fructus) of wild strawberry are also herbal materials used in medicine. The aim of this study was to compare the value of phytochemical and antioxidant activity of wild strawberry fruits (Fragaria vesca L.). The fruits were analyzed regarding their secondary metabolites contents (flavonoids, sum of phenolic acids, tannins, anthocyanins, DPPH), depending on the origin of the raw material (from natural habitats vs. cultivation). According to the obtained results, raw material originating from natural habitats contained significantly more flavonoids (0.559 mg∙g(-1)), compared to fruits harvested from cultivation (0.472 mg∙g(-1), on average). Mean concentration of phenolic acids ranged from 1.648 mg∙g(-1) - 2.348 mg∙g(-1), although the wild form was characterized by higher levels of examined substances. Tannins are an important fraction of phenolic compounds; their content in studied fruits ranged from 2.2% (from cultivation) - 3.0% (from natural habitats). When comparing the average contents of anthocyanins in the studied materials, it was revealed that remarkably more of these compounds were recorded in wild strawberry fruits harvested from natural habitats vs. those from cultivations: 132 mg∙100 g(-1) vs. 90 mg∙100 g(-1). A difference was indicated with respect to the ability of DPPH radical reduction to diphenylpicrylhydrazine by extracts made of examined fruits.
野草莓（Fragaria vesca）属于蔷薇科。除了叶子（Fragariae folium）和根（Fragariae radix），野草莓的芳香果实（Fragariae fructus）也是药用的草药材料。本研究的目的是比较野草莓果实（Fragaria vesca L.）的植物化学成分和抗氧化活性价值。根据原材料的来源（来自自然栖息地与种植地），对果实的次生代谢产物含量（黄酮类化合物、酚酸总和、单宁、花青素、DPPH）进行了分析。根据所得结果，与种植收获的果实（平均为0.472 mg∙g(-1)）相比，来自自然栖息地的原材料含有显著更多的黄酮类化合物（0.559 mg∙g(-1)）。酚酸的平均浓度范围为1.648 mg∙g(-1) - 2.348 mg∙g(-1)，尽管野生型的被测物质含量较高。单宁是酚类化合物的重要组成部分；其在研究果实中的含量范围为2.2%（来自种植地） - 3.0%（来自自然栖息地）。比较研究材料中花青素的平均含量时发现，自然栖息地收获的野草莓果实中记录的这些化合物明显多于种植果实：132 mg∙100 g(-1) 对 90 mg∙100 g(-1)。在所测果实提取物对二苯基苦味酰基自由基还原为二苯基苦基肼的能力方面存在差异。
