Carrillo Camila Merida, Corrêa Fernanda Nahás Pires, Lopes Nilza Nelly Fontana, Fava Marcelo, Odone Filho Vicente
Hemato-oncology Service, Dentistry Department, Instituto da Criança ITACI, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
School of Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2014 Jun;69(6):433-7. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2014(06)11.
Cancer is the third most frequent cause of death in children in Brazil. Early diagnosis and medical advances have significantly improved treatment outcomes, which has resulted in higher survival rates and the management of late side effects has become increasingly important in caring for these patients. Dental abnormalities are commonly observed as late effects of antineoplastic therapy in the oral cavity. The incidence and severity of the dental abnormalities depend on the child's age at diagnosis and the type of chemotherapeutic agent used, as well as the irradiation dose and area. The treatment duration and aggressivity should also be considered. Disturbances in dental development are characterized by changes in shape, number and root development. Enamel anomalies, such as discoloration, opacities and hypoplasia are also observed in these patients. When severe, these abnormalities can cause functional and esthetic sequelae that have an impact on the children's and adolescents' quality of life. General dentists and pediatric dentists should understand these dental abnormalities and how to identify them aiming for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
癌症是巴西儿童中第三大常见死因。早期诊断和医学进步显著改善了治疗效果，从而提高了生存率，并且在照顾这些患者时，晚期副作用的管理变得越来越重要。口腔中的牙齿异常是抗肿瘤治疗常见的晚期效应。牙齿异常的发生率和严重程度取决于患儿诊断时的年龄、所用化疗药物的类型，以及照射剂量和范围。治疗持续时间和强度也应予以考虑。牙齿发育障碍的特征是形状、数量和牙根发育的改变。这些患者还会出现釉质异常，如变色、混浊和发育不全。严重时，这些异常会导致功能和美观方面的后遗症，影响儿童和青少年的生活质量。普通牙医和儿童牙医应了解这些牙齿异常情况以及如何识别它们，以便早期诊断和进行适当治疗。
