Serrano Mónica, Torres Roxana, Pérez Cynthia M, Palacios Cristina
P R Health Sci J. 2014 Jun;33(2):80-7.
To explore the association of social-environment (SE) factors and diet quality (DQ) with weight status in a group of children in Puerto Rico (PR).
A cross-sectional study in a sample of 114 12-year-old children enrolled in 4 public schools in the San Juan Metropolitan area in Puerto Rico (PR) during the 2012-2013 school year. These children completed a self-administered questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and SE, with information on family meal patterns; parental feeding styles; parental, peer, and school support for healthy eating; physical activity (PA); and frequency of PA and sedentary times. The participants also completed at 24-hour dietary recall interview to determine DQ. This was assessed with the Healthy Eating Index (HIE)-2010, an instrument that evaluates compliance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized as healthy weight, overweight, or obese.
36% of participants were overweight/obese. In terms of DQ, 55% had "poor" DQ, 45% had diets that "need improvement", and none had "good" DQ. Children of healthy weight (75.0%) reported more frequent family meals than did overweight/obese children (57.5%; p = 0.05). No other significant associations were found between SE factors and DQ or body weight status.
Most of the participants were of healthy weight but had poor quality diets. Having a healthy weight was positively associated with frequent family meals.
探讨波多黎各一组儿童的社会环境（SE）因素和饮食质量（DQ）与体重状况之间的关联。
一项横断面研究，样本为2012 - 2013学年在波多黎各圣胡安都会区4所公立学校就读的114名12岁儿童。这些儿童完成了一份关于社会人口学特征和社会环境的自填问卷，内容包括家庭用餐模式、父母喂养方式、父母、同伴和学校对健康饮食的支持、身体活动（PA）以及身体活动频率和久坐时间。参与者还完成了一次24小时饮食回顾访谈以确定饮食质量。这通过健康饮食指数（HIE）- 2010进行评估，该工具用于评估对《美国膳食指南》的遵循情况。计算体重指数（BMI）并将其分类为健康体重、超重或肥胖。
36%的参与者超重/肥胖。在饮食质量方面，55%的人饮食质量“差”，45%的人饮食“需要改善”，没有人饮食质量“好”。健康体重的儿童（75.0%）报告的家庭用餐频率高于超重/肥胖儿童（57.5%；p = 0.05）。在社会环境因素与饮食质量或体重状况之间未发现其他显著关联。
大多数参与者体重健康，但饮食质量较差。体重健康与频繁的家庭用餐呈正相关。
