青少年的社会支持与乳制品摄入量：一项来自伊朗的研究。
Social support and dairy products intake among adolescents: a study from Iran.
作者信息
Shokrvash Behjat, Salehi Leili, Hariri Akbari Maral, Ebrahimi Mamagani Mehrangiz, Nedjat Saharnaz, Asghari Mohammad, Majlessi Freshteh, Montazeri Ali
机构信息
Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Health Education, School of Public Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Oct 22;15:1078. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2399-5.
BACKGROUND
Adequate daily milk and dairy products intake seems to an important for adolescents' health. This study aimed to identify the high-risk group adolescents who did not meet the recommended daily serving milk and dairy products and indeed to find out associated factors relating to their nutrition behaviors.
METHODS
This cross sectional study was carried out on 7th grade students, in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. An anonymous self-administrated questionnaire including items on perceived social support, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors was administered. In addition a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) measuring daily milk products serving intake as a main outcome measure was completed for each respondent. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the association between milk and dairy products consumption and independents variables.
RESULTS
In all 402 students (51.5 % female) participated in the study. The mean age of students was 12.9 (SD = 0.49) years. The average daily intake of milk and dairy products was 1.64 (SD = 0.78) servings per day. Overall 14.2 % of adolescents (18.8 % of girls, and 9.2 % of boys, p = 0.006) reported consumption of the recommended daily milk and dairy products serving per day. The results indicated that gender boys (OR for boys = 2.41, 95 % CI = 1.25-4.67), mother age (OR for age group 40-55 years = 2.52, 95 % CI = 1.18-5.38), poor perceived emotional family support, (OR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 1.05-3.61), and poor perceived practical family support (OR = 2.04, 95 % CI = 1.18-4.17) were the most significant contributing factors to low level milk and dairy products intake in adolescents.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicated that adolescents did not take the recommended daily amount of milk and dairy products and this appeared to be strongly related to low perceived family support. To achieve the recommended daily milk and dairy products serving consumption, family involvements in any programs that specifically address emotional and practical support for promoting daily milk and dairy products intake among adolescents are suggested.
背景
每日摄入充足的牛奶及奶制品似乎对青少年健康至关重要。本研究旨在确定未达到每日推荐牛奶及奶制品摄入量的高危青少年群体，并找出与其营养行为相关的因素。
方法
这项横断面研究在伊朗东阿塞拜疆省大不里士的七年级学生中开展。采用了一份匿名自填式问卷，其中包括有关感知社会支持、身体活动和久坐行为的项目。此外，为每位受访者完成了一份有效的食物频率问卷（FFQ），以测量每日奶制品摄入量作为主要结局指标。应用逻辑回归分析来检验牛奶及奶制品消费与自变量之间的关联。
结果
共有402名学生（51.5%为女性）参与了研究。学生的平均年龄为12.9岁（标准差=0.49）。牛奶及奶制品的平均每日摄入量为每天1.64份（标准差=0.78）。总体而言，14.2%的青少年（女孩为18.8%，男孩为9.2%，p=0.006）报告每日摄入了推荐量的牛奶及奶制品。结果表明，男性（男孩的比值比=2.41，95%置信区间=1.25-4.67）、母亲年龄（40-55岁年龄组的比值比=2.52，95%置信区间=1.18-5.38）、感知到的家庭情感支持较差（比值比=1.10，95%置信区间=1.05-3.61）以及感知到的家庭实际支持较差（比值比=2. .04，95%置信区间=1.18-4.17）是青少年牛奶及奶制品摄入量低的最主要影响因素。
结论
研究结果表明，青少年未摄入推荐的每日牛奶及奶制品量，这似乎与家庭支持感知度低密切相关。为达到推荐的每日牛奶及奶制品摄入量，建议家庭参与任何专门针对为促进青少年每日牛奶及奶制品摄入量提供情感和实际支持的项目。
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