McCloskey K, Sun C, Pezic A, Cochrane J, Morley R, Vuillermin P, Burgner D, Dwyer T, Ponsonby A-L
1Child Health Research Unit,Barwon Health,Geelong,VIC,Australia.
2Murdoch Children's Research Institute,Royal Children's Hospital,Melbourne,VIC Australia.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2014 Aug;5(4):307-13. doi: 10.1017/S2040174414000282.
Childhood cardiovascular risk factors affect vascular function long before overt cardiovascular disease. Twin studies provide a unique opportunity to examine the influence of shared genetic and environmental influences on childhood cardiovascular function. We examined the relationship between birth parameters, markers of adiposity, insulin resistance, lipid profile and blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a validated non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness in a healthy cohort of school-aged twin children. PWV was performed on a population-based birth cohort of 147 twin pairs aged 7-11 years. Fasting blood samples, blood pressure and adiposity measures were collected concurrently. Mixed linear regression models were used to account for twin clustering, within- and between-twin pair associations. There were positive associations between both markers of higher adiposity, insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides and PWV, which remained significant after accounting for twin birth-set clustering. There was a positive association between both diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure and PWV in within-pair analysis in dizygotic, but not monozygotic twins, indicating genetic differences evident in dizygotic not monozygotic twins may affect these associations. Increased blood pressure, triglycerides and other metabolic markers are associated with increased PWV in school-aged twins. These results support both the genetic and environmental contribution to higher PWV, as a marker of arterial stiffness, and reiterate the importance of preventing metabolic syndrome from childhood.
儿童心血管危险因素早在明显的心血管疾病出现之前就会影响血管功能。双胞胎研究为考察共享基因和环境因素对儿童心血管功能的影响提供了独特契机。我们在一个健康的学龄双胞胎儿童队列中，研究了出生参数、肥胖标志物、胰岛素抵抗、血脂谱、血压与颈动脉 - 股动脉脉搏波速度（PWV，一种经过验证的动脉僵硬度非侵入性测量指标）之间的关系。对147对7至11岁的双胞胎进行了基于人群的出生队列PWV检测。同时采集了空腹血样、血压和肥胖测量数据。使用混合线性回归模型来考虑双胞胎聚类、双胞胎对内和双胞胎对间的关联。较高肥胖标志物、胰岛素抵抗、甘油三酯升高与PWV之间均存在正相关，在考虑双胞胎出生组聚类后这些相关性仍然显著。在异卵双胞胎而非同卵双胞胎的对内分析中，舒张压和平均动脉血压与PWV之间存在正相关，这表明异卵双胞胎而非同卵双胞胎中明显的基因差异可能会影响这些关联。血压升高、甘油三酯升高和其他代谢标志物与学龄双胞胎的PWV升高相关。这些结果支持了基因和环境因素对作为动脉僵硬度标志物的较高PWV的影响，并再次强调了从儿童期预防代谢综合征的重要性。
