Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, POB 6, Debrecen H-4012, Hungary.
Biomolecules. 2013 Nov 8;3(4):923-42. doi: 10.3390/biom3040923.
Proteolytic enzymes (also termed peptidases, proteases and proteinases) are capable of hydrolyzing peptide bonds in proteins. They can be found in all living organisms, from viruses to animals and humans. Proteolytic enzymes have great medical and pharmaceutical importance due to their key role in biological processes and in the life-cycle of many pathogens. Proteases are extensively applied enzymes in several sectors of industry and biotechnology, furthermore, numerous research applications require their use, including production of Klenow fragments, peptide synthesis, digestion of unwanted proteins during nucleic acid purification, cell culturing and tissue dissociation, preparation of recombinant antibody fragments for research, diagnostics and therapy, exploration of the structure-function relationships by structural studies, removal of affinity tags from fusion proteins in recombinant protein techniques, peptide sequencing and proteolytic digestion of proteins in proteomics. The aim of this paper is to review the molecular biological aspects of proteolytic enzymes and summarize their applications in the life sciences.
蛋白水解酶（也称为肽酶、蛋白酶和蛋白水解酶）能够水解蛋白质中的肽键。它们存在于所有生物体中，从病毒到动物和人类。由于蛋白水解酶在生物过程和许多病原体的生命周期中起着关键作用，因此它们具有重要的医学和药物学意义。蛋白酶在工业和生物技术的多个领域都有广泛的应用，此外，许多研究应用都需要使用它们，包括生产 Klenow 片段、肽合成、核酸纯化过程中去除不需要的蛋白质、细胞培养和组织解离、用于研究、诊断和治疗的重组抗体片段的制备、通过结构研究探索结构-功能关系、从重组蛋白技术中的融合蛋白中去除亲和标签、肽测序和蛋白质组学中的蛋白质酶切。本文旨在综述蛋白水解酶的分子生物学方面，并总结其在生命科学中的应用。
