Arora Sumit, Swaminathan Suresh K, Kirtane Ameya, Srivastava Sanjeev K, Bhardwaj Arun, Singh Seema, Panyam Jayanth, Singh Ajay P
Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutics, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2014 Jun 18;9:2933-42. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S61949. eCollection 2014.
MicroRNAs are small (18-22 nucleotide long) noncoding RNAs that play important roles in biological processes through posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Their aberrant expression and functional significance are reported in several human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. Recently, we identified miR-150 as a novel tumor suppressor microRNA in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, expression of miR-150 was downregulated in the majority of tumor cases, suggesting that its restoration could serve as an effective approach for pancreatic cancer therapy. In the present study, we developed a nanoparticle-based miR-150 delivery system and tested its therapeutic efficacy in vitro. Using double emulsion solvent evaporation method, we developed a poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based nanoformulation of miR-150 (miR-150-NF). Polyethyleneimine (a cationic polymer) was incorporated in PLGA matrix to increase the encapsulation of miR-150. Physical characterization of miR-150-NF demonstrated that these nanoparticles had high encapsulation efficiency (~78%) and exhibited sustained release profile. Treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with miR-150-NF led to efficient intracellular delivery of miR-150 mimics and caused significant downregulation of its target gene (MUC4) expression. Inhibition of MUC4 correlated with a concomitant decrease in the expression of its interacting partner, HER2, and repression of its downstream signaling. Furthermore, treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with miR-150-NF suppressed their growth, clonogenicity, motility, and invasion. Together, these findings suggest that PLGA-based nanoformulation could potentially serve as a safe and effective nanovector platform for miR-150 delivery to pancreatic tumor cells.
微小RNA是小的(18 - 22个核苷酸长)非编码RNA,通过对基因表达的转录后调控在生物过程中发挥重要作用。在包括胰腺癌在内的几种人类恶性肿瘤中都报道了它们的异常表达及其功能意义。最近,我们鉴定出miR - 150是胰腺癌中的一种新型肿瘤抑制微小RNA。此外,在大多数肿瘤病例中miR - 150的表达下调,这表明其恢复可能是胰腺癌治疗的一种有效方法。在本研究中,我们开发了一种基于纳米颗粒的miR - 150递送系统,并在体外测试了其治疗效果。使用双乳液溶剂蒸发法,我们开发了一种基于聚(D,L - 丙交酯 - 共 - 乙交酯)(PLGA)的miR - 150纳米制剂(miR - 150 - NF)。将聚乙烯亚胺(一种阳离子聚合物)掺入PLGA基质中以提高miR - 150的包封率。miR - 150 - NF的物理表征表明这些纳米颗粒具有高包封效率(约78%)并呈现出缓释特性。用miR - 150 - NF处理胰腺癌细胞导致miR - 150模拟物有效地细胞内递送,并使其靶基因(MUC4)表达显著下调。MUC4的抑制与其相互作用伴侣HER2表达的同时降低以及其下游信号传导的抑制相关。此外,用miR - 150 - NF处理胰腺癌细胞抑制了它们的生长、克隆形成能力、迁移和侵袭。总之,这些发现表明基于PLGA的纳米制剂可能潜在地作为一种安全有效的纳米载体平台,用于将miR - 150递送至胰腺肿瘤细胞。