Sigurdson J F, Wallander J, Sund A M
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, The Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Trondheim, Norway.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, The Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Trondheim, Norway; University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Oct;38(10):1607-17. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 24.
The aim was to examine prospectively associations between bullying involvement at 14-15 years of age and self-reported general health and psychosocial adjustment in young adulthood, at 26-27 years of age. A large representative sample (N=2,464) was recruited and assessed in two counties in Mid-Norway in 1998 (T1) and 1999/2000 (T2) when the respondents had a mean age of 13.7 and 14.9, respectively, leading to classification as being bullied, bully-victim, being aggressive toward others or non-involved. Information about general health and psychosocial adjustment was gathered at a follow-up in 2012 (T4) (N=1,266) with a respondent mean age of 27.2. Logistic regression and ANOVA analyses showed that groups involved in bullying of any type in adolescence had increased risk for lower education as young adults compared to those non-involved. The group aggressive toward others also had a higher risk of being unemployed and receiving any kind of social help. Compared with the non-involved, those being bullied and bully-victims had increased risk of poor general health and high levels of pain. Bully-victims and those aggressive toward others during adolescence subsequently had increased risk of tobacco use and lower job functioning than non-involved. Further, those being bullied and aggressive toward others had increased risk of illegal drug use. Relations to live-in spouse/partner were poorer among those being bullied. Involvement in bullying, either as victim or perpetrator, has significant social costs even 12 years after the bullying experience. Accordingly, it will be important to provide early intervention for those involved in bullying in adolescence.
本研究旨在前瞻性地考察14至15岁时受欺凌情况与26至27岁青年期自我报告的总体健康及心理社会适应之间的关联。1998年（T1）和1999/2000年（T2）在挪威中部的两个县招募了一个具有广泛代表性的大样本（N = 2464），当时受访者的平均年龄分别为13.7岁和14.9岁，据此将其分为受欺凌者、欺凌 - 受害者、对他人有攻击性或未卷入欺凌者。2012年（T4）进行随访（N = 1266），受访者平均年龄为27.2岁，收集了有关总体健康和心理社会适应的信息。逻辑回归和方差分析表明，与未卷入欺凌的青少年相比，青春期卷入任何类型欺凌的青少年在成年后接受较低教育的风险增加。对他人有攻击性的青少年群体失业及接受任何形式社会救助的风险也更高。与未卷入欺凌者相比，受欺凌者和欺凌 - 受害者总体健康状况较差且疼痛程度较高的风险增加。青春期的欺凌 - 受害者和对他人有攻击性的青少年随后吸烟风险增加，工作能力低于未卷入欺凌者。此外，受欺凌者和对他人有攻击性的青少年使用非法药物的风险增加。受欺凌者与同居配偶/伴侣的关系较差。即使在欺凌经历12年后，作为受害者或施害者卷入欺凌也会产生重大的社会成本。因此，对青春期卷入欺凌的青少年进行早期干预非常重要。
