Pollmann A, Bates K E, Fuhrmann D
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Mar;9(3):450-463. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-02098-x. Epub 2025 Feb 20.
Adolescence (ages 10-24) is characterized by cognitive, behavioural and social development. Childhood environments are typically centred on home and care settings, whereas adolescents increasingly engage with peer and community environments. These changing environments confer risks of experiencing specific adversities at different ages. Despite the unique characteristics of adversities in adolescence and potential associations with lifespan outcomes, few frameworks exist to systematize adversities in adolescents. Here we review current research and propose an approach specific to this developmental period: the adverse adolescent experiences (AAEs) framework. Building on existing models (for example, the adverse childhood experiences framework), the AAEs focus on potentially traumatizing experiences during adolescence. The framework builds on Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory to conceptualize adversities at intrapersonal, interpersonal, community and societal levels. We argue that this approach can enhance our understanding of adolescent adversity, facilitate the study of its potential effects, and guide prevention and intervention efforts.
青春期（10 - 24岁）的特点是认知、行为和社会发展。儿童时期的环境通常以家庭和照料环境为中心，而青少年则越来越多地融入同伴和社区环境。这些不断变化的环境带来了在不同年龄段经历特定逆境的风险。尽管青春期逆境具有独特特征以及与寿命结局存在潜在关联，但很少有框架能将青少年时期的逆境系统化。在此，我们回顾当前研究并提出一种针对这一发育阶段的方法：不良青少年经历（AAEs）框架。基于现有模型（例如，不良童年经历框架），AAEs聚焦于青春期期间可能造成创伤的经历。该框架以布朗芬布伦纳的生态系统理论为基础，将逆境在个人、人际、社区和社会层面进行概念化。我们认为这种方法能够增进我们对青少年逆境的理解，并促进对其潜在影响的研究，还能指导预防和干预工作。
