Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan.
Institute of Physical Therapy and Assisted Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan.
Gait Posture. 2014 Jul;40(3):403-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.05.064. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Sit-to-stand (STS) movements are essential for daily activities. Failure to perform STS movements efficiently and smoothly may lead to falls. In this study, we developed a forceplate to analyze vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), STS duration and generated muscle power to investigate which parameters were fall status predictors. A total of 105 participants were included in this study and were grouped into those (1) aged between 20 and 30 years (Young), (2) aged above 65 years without a history of falling (Non-fallers) and (3) aged above 65 with a history of falling in the past 12 months (Fallers). The results indicated a significantly higher maximal lower limb muscle power (MP) for the Young (9.05 ± 3.66 W/kg), followed by Non-fallers (5.50 ± 2.02W/kg) and Fallers (3.66 ± 1.45 W/kg) as well as higher modified falls efficacy scale (MFES) scores for the Young (Young: 9.88 ± 0.10; Non-fallers: 6.27 ± 1.40; Fallers: 4.83 ± 0.89) and shorter times for the five times sit-to-stand test (FSTST) for the young (Young: 6.09 ± 2.20 s; Non-fallers: 15.65 ± 3.30s; Fallers: 19.82 ± 4.46 s). There was a significant difference between the Young group and the Non-fallers in the maximal vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) (138.79 ± 24.20 N/BW in Young, 117.51 ± 8.57 N/BW in old Non-fallers, p < 0.01), and there was a significant difference between the Non-fallers and the Fallers in the duration of the STS movement (2.74 ± 0.87 s for the Non-fallers, 4.27 ± 2.56 s for the Fallers, p < 0.01). The regression analysis results further indicated that only MP and the STS stabilization phase could differentiate individuals who had past fall events. Therefore, the equipment we developed could potentially be useful in the assessment and monitoring of balance and the risk of falling in older people.
坐站（STS）运动是日常生活中必不可少的。如果不能高效、顺畅地完成 STS 运动，可能会导致跌倒。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种测力板来分析垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）、STS 持续时间和产生的肌肉力量，以研究哪些参数是跌倒状态的预测指标。共有 105 名参与者被纳入本研究，并分为三组：（1）年龄在 20 岁至 30 岁之间（年轻人）；（2）年龄在 65 岁以上且无跌倒史（非跌倒者）；（3）年龄在 65 岁以上且在过去 12 个月内有跌倒史（跌倒者）。结果表明，年轻人的最大下肢肌肉力量（MP）显著更高（9.05 ± 3.66 W/kg），其次是非跌倒者（5.50 ± 2.02 W/kg）和跌倒者（3.66 ± 1.45 W/kg），年轻人的改良跌倒效能量表（MFES）评分也更高（年轻人：9.88 ± 0.10；非跌倒者：6.27 ± 1.40；跌倒者：4.83 ± 0.89），五次坐站测试（FSTST）的用时也更短（年轻人：6.09 ± 2.20 s；非跌倒者：15.65 ± 3.30 s；跌倒者：19.82 ± 4.46 s）。年轻人和非跌倒者之间的最大垂直地面反作用力（VGRF）有显著差异（年轻人：138.79 ± 24.20 N/BW；非跌倒者：117.51 ± 8.57 N/BW，p < 0.01），非跌倒者和跌倒者之间的 STS 运动持续时间有显著差异（非跌倒者：2.74 ± 0.87 s；跌倒者：4.27 ± 2.56 s，p < 0.01）。回归分析结果进一步表明，只有 MP 和 STS 稳定阶段可以区分过去有跌倒事件的个体。因此，我们开发的设备可能有助于评估和监测老年人的平衡和跌倒风险。
