Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA4334), UFR Sciences et Techniques, LUNAM University, University of Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le mans Cedex 9, France.
Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016 Oct;28(5):871-9. doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0486-1. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
The sit-to-stand movement requires balance control and coordination between the trunk and lower limbs. For these reasons, it is commonly used in clinics for evaluating lower limb muscle function in the elderly. The aim of the present study was to point out re levant biomechanical and neurophysiological sit-to-stand parameters allowing comparison between elderly fallers and non-fallers.
Ten elderly fallers and thirty non-fallers performed sit-to-stand movements. Sit-to-stand mechanical (maximal and mean force, impulse) and temporal parameters were measured in the vertical and anteroposterior axes using force platforms. Activity of rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles was bilaterally recorded by surface electromyography.
Time to realize sit-to-stand movements was significantly longer in elderly fallers compared to non-fallers (p < 0.05). In the same way, maximal vertical force and mean posterior force applied on force platform were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in fallers than in non-fallers individual. At muscular activity level, results showed a main statistical difference in gastrocnemius lateralis muscle activity patterns between faller and non-faller groups.
Vertical and anteroposterior data from force platform, and gastrocnemius lateralis muscle activity determined during sit-to-stand movement are the most relevant parameters to differentiate fallers and non-fallers. Moreover, these factors highlight different strategies to rise from a chair between faller and non-faller group, suggesting that fallers would constantly adjust their control balance during the sit-to-stand movement.
坐站运动需要躯干和下肢之间的平衡控制和协调。出于这些原因，它在临床上常用于评估老年人下肢肌肉功能。本研究旨在指出相关的生物力学和神经生理学坐站参数，以便在老年人跌倒者和非跌倒者之间进行比较。
10 名老年人跌倒者和 30 名非跌倒者进行坐站运动。使用力平台测量垂直和前后轴上的坐站机械（最大和平均力、冲量）和时间参数。通过表面肌电图双侧记录股直肌、股外侧肌和腓肠肌外侧肌的活动。
与非跌倒者相比，老年人跌倒者完成坐站动作的时间明显延长（p<0.05）。同样，跌倒者施加在力平台上的最大垂直力和平均后向力明显低于非跌倒者个体（p<0.05）。在肌肉活动水平上，结果表明在腓肠肌外侧肌活动模式方面，跌倒者和非跌倒者组之间存在主要的统计学差异。
力平台的垂直和前后数据以及坐站运动期间腓肠肌外侧肌的活动是区分跌倒者和非跌倒者的最相关参数。此外，这些因素突出了跌倒者和非跌倒者组在从椅子上站起来时不同的平衡控制策略，表明跌倒者在坐站运动过程中会不断调整其平衡控制。
