Richdale Amanda L, Baker Emma, Short Michelle, Gradisar Michael
Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Sleep Med. 2014 Sep;15(9):1082-8. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.05.005. Epub 2014 May 21.
Sleep disturbance and psychopathology are common during adolescence and are highly prevalent in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between sleep disturbance, psychopathology symptoms, and daytime functioning in adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) compared to typically developing (TD) adolescents.
Twenty-seven adolescents with HFASD and 27 age- and sex-matched TD adolescents completed questionnaires related to sleep, psychopathology and daytime functioning. Participants also completed a 7-day sleep/wake diary. A subsample of HFASD adolescents (55%) and all the TD adolescents wore an actigraphy monitor concurrently with the sleep diary.
Adolescents with HFASD had significantly higher scores for depressed mood, anxiety and pre-sleep arousal compared with TD adolescents and poorer daytime functioning. There were more significant correlations between sleep variables and psychopathology variables, and sleep variables and daytime functioning, in the HFASD group than in the TD group. Standard regression found that sleep variables significantly accounted for 57% of the variance in daytime functioning symptoms of insufficient sleep in the HFASD group, while psychopathology variables accounted for 63% of the variance in daytime functioning.
Both sleep disturbance and psychopathology are more prevalent in adolescents with HFASD and are major contributors to poor daytime functioning in these individuals.
睡眠障碍和精神病理学在青少年时期很常见，在被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体中也高度普遍。本研究的目的是调查与发育正常（TD）的青少年相比，高功能自闭症谱系障碍（HFASD）青少年的睡眠障碍、精神病理学症状和日间功能之间的关系。
27名患有HFASD的青少年和27名年龄和性别匹配的TD青少年完成了与睡眠、精神病理学和日间功能相关的问卷。参与者还完成了一份7天的睡眠/觉醒日记。HFASD青少年的一个子样本（55%）和所有TD青少年在填写睡眠日记的同时佩戴了活动记录仪。
与TD青少年相比，患有HFASD的青少年在情绪低落、焦虑和睡前觉醒方面的得分显著更高，日间功能也更差。与TD组相比，HFASD组的睡眠变量与精神病理学变量之间以及睡眠变量与日间功能之间的相关性更强。标准回归分析发现，睡眠变量在HFASD组中显著解释了睡眠不足导致的日间功能症状变异的57%，而精神病理学变量解释了日间功能变异的63%。
睡眠障碍和精神病理学在患有HFASD的青少年中更为普遍，并且是这些个体日间功能不良的主要原因。
