Junkins Eleanor J, Potter Joseph E, Rentfrow Peter J, Gosling Samuel D, Potter Jeff, Harden K Paige, Tucker-Drob Elliot M, Derringer Jaime, Briley Daniel A
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Personal Sci. 2021 Jan-Dec;2. doi: 10.5964/ps.7275. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
Levels of fertility and the shape of the age-specific fertility schedule vary substantially across U.S. regions with some states having peak fertility relatively early and others relatively late. Structural institutions or economic factors partly explain these heterogeneous patterns, but regional differences in personality might also contribute to regional differences in fertility. Here, we evaluated whether variation in extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience measured at the U.S. state-level was associated with the level, timing, and context of fertility across states above and beyond sociodemographics, voting behavior, and religiosity. Generally, states with higher levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness had more traditional fertility patterns, and states with higher levels of neuroticism and openness had more nontraditional fertility patterns, even after controlling for established correlates of fertility (r ~ |.50|). Personality is an overlooked correlate that can be leveraged to understand the existence and persistence of fertility differentials.
美国不同地区的生育水平以及特定年龄生育时间表的形状差异很大，一些州的生育高峰期相对较早，而另一些州则相对较晚。结构制度或经济因素部分解释了这些异质性模式，但地区性格差异也可能导致生育方面的地区差异。在这里，我们评估了在美国州层面测量的外向性、宜人性、尽责性、神经质和经验开放性的差异，是否与各州生育的水平、时间和背景相关，这些相关性超出了社会人口统计学、投票行为和宗教信仰的范畴。一般来说，即使在控制了已确定的生育相关因素（r ~ |.50|）之后，宜人性和尽责性水平较高的州仍具有更传统的生育模式，而神经质和开放性水平较高的州则具有更非传统的生育模式。性格是一个被忽视的相关因素，可以利用它来理解生育差异的存在和持续情况。
