East Mediterr Health J. 2013 Aug;19(8):711-9.
Few studies have evaluated the oral effects of smokeless tobacco use in adolescents. This study described the oral health status of adolescents who were daily users of local smokeless tobacco (shamma) in Saudi Arabia. A convenience sample of 270 middle-school male students completed a questionnaire and received an oral examination and a saliva cotinine test. Among the students, 96% had plaque deposits (mean plaque index score 1.66); 41% had gingivitis (mean clinical attachment loss 1.1 mm); 56% had dental caries (mean decayed, missing, filled teeth score 2.1) and 86% had at least I mucosal lesion. The levels of plaque, gingivitis, dental caries and periodontitis among smokeless tobacco users were similar to those of most adolescents regardless of tobacco use. Almost 9/10 students had a mucosal lesion that could be related to smokeless tobacco use. Strong measures should be taken to increase students' awareness of the adverse health effects of tobacco use and to control their access to tobacco.
很少有研究评估青少年使用无烟烟草的口腔影响。本研究描述了沙特阿拉伯当地无烟烟草（shamma）每日使用者青少年的口腔健康状况。一个方便的 270 名中学男生样本完成了一份问卷，并接受了口腔检查和唾液可替宁测试。在这些学生中，96%有牙菌斑沉积（平均菌斑指数得分为 1.66）；41%有牙龈炎（平均临床附着丧失 1.1 毫米）；56%有龋齿（平均龋齿、缺失、补牙得分为 2.1），86%至少有一个黏膜病变。无论是否使用烟草，使用无烟烟草的学生的菌斑、牙龈炎、龋齿和牙周炎水平与大多数青少年相似。近十分之九的学生有黏膜病变，这可能与使用无烟烟草有关。应采取强有力的措施，提高学生对烟草使用不良健康影响的认识，并控制他们获得烟草的途径。
