Brima Eid I
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Diagn Cytopathol. 2017 Aug;45(8):693-699. doi: 10.1002/dc.23745. Epub 2017 May 15.
Smokeless tobacco (ST) use is a major cause of cytological changes in the oral mucosa. ST products, such as shamma, which is prevalent in southern Saudi Arabia, raise concerns about the adverse health effects among its users. We evaluated the cytological changes in the oral mucosa of users and nonusers of shamma in the city of Najran, using Papanicolaou staining.
We designed questionnaires and consent forms for this study that were administered to a total of 397 participants, comprising 250 nonusers of shamma (controls) and 147 shamma users (cases). Buccal cell smears were collected from all participants, fixed, and Papanicolaou stained. Photomicrographs were taken of all stained smears, and samples were subsequently diagnosed.
Various cytological changes were detected among both cases and controls: atypia (2.0%, 1.2%, respectively), keratinisation (0.7%, 0%, respectively), inflammation (13.6%, 10.8%, respectively), and infection (4.1%, 3.6%, respectively).
The results showed higher percentages of cytological changes among shamma users compared with nonusers; however, the differences were not statistically significant. Habitual use of other substances in the control group could be a confounding factor given this geographic region and the cytological changes we detected in both cases and controls. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:693-699. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
使用无烟烟草（ST）是口腔黏膜细胞变化的主要原因。在沙特阿拉伯南部流行的shamma等ST产品，引发了对其使用者健康不良影响的担忧。我们使用巴氏染色法评估了奈季兰市shamma使用者和非使用者口腔黏膜的细胞变化。
我们为该研究设计了问卷和知情同意书，共对397名参与者进行了调查，其中包括250名非shamma使用者（对照组）和147名shamma使用者（病例组）。采集所有参与者的颊细胞涂片，固定后进行巴氏染色。对所有染色涂片拍摄显微照片，随后进行样本诊断。
在病例组和对照组中均检测到各种细胞变化：异型性（分别为2.0%、1.2%）、角化（分别为0.7%、0%）、炎症（分别为13.6%、10.8%）和感染（分别为4.1%、3.6%）。
结果显示，与非使用者相比，shamma使用者的细胞变化百分比更高；然而，差异无统计学意义。鉴于该地理区域以及我们在病例组和对照组中检测到的细胞变化，对照组中习惯性使用其他物质可能是一个混杂因素。诊断细胞病理学。2017年；45:693 - 699。©2017威利期刊公司。
