Leone Daniela, Menichetti Julia, Fiorino Gionata, Vegni Elena
Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, San Paolo University Hospital, Via di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy.
Curr Drug Targets. 2014;15(11):1020-9. doi: 10.2174/1389450115666140627151702.
The present article aims to review the literature on the relationship between psychology and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In particular, the first section is dedicated to explore the role of psychological factors in the etiopathology of the disease, its development and the efficacy of treatments, while the second analyzes existing literature on the role of psychological interventions in the care of IBD patients. Although the role of psychological factors in IBD appears controversial, literature seems to distinguish between antecedents of the disease (stress and lifestyle behavior), potential mediators of disease course (family functioning, attachment style, coping strategies, and illness perception), outcomes of IBD and concurrent factors (anxiety, depression and quality of life). Four types of psychological interventions are described: Stress management, Psychodynamic, Cognitive behavioral and Hypnosis based. Data on the role and efficacy of psychological interventions in IBD patients show little evidence both on reduction of the disease activity and benefits on psychological variables. Psychological interventions seem to be beneficial in the short term especially for adolescents. The importance of considering the connections between psychology and IBD from a broader perspective reflecting the complexity of the phenomenon at multiple levels is discussed.
本文旨在综述关于心理学与炎症性肠病（IBD）之间关系的文献。具体而言，第一部分致力于探讨心理因素在该疾病的病因病理学、发展过程及治疗效果中的作用，而第二部分则分析现有关于心理干预在IBD患者护理中作用的文献。尽管心理因素在IBD中的作用似乎存在争议，但文献似乎区分了该疾病的前因（压力和生活方式行为）、疾病进程的潜在调节因素（家庭功能、依恋风格、应对策略和疾病认知）、IBD的结果以及并发因素（焦虑、抑郁和生活质量）。文中描述了四种心理干预类型：压力管理、心理动力学、认知行为和基于催眠的干预。关于心理干预在IBD患者中的作用和效果的数据显示，在降低疾病活动度和对心理变量产生益处方面几乎没有证据。心理干预似乎在短期内有益，尤其是对青少年。本文还讨论了从更广泛的视角考虑心理学与IBD之间的联系的重要性，这一视角反映了该现象在多个层面的复杂性。
