Roh TaeWoo, Koo Ja-Choon, Cho Dong-Sung, Youn Yeo-Chang
Graduate School of Business, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea.
Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea; Department of Forest Policy Research, Korea Rural Economic Institute, 117-3 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-710, South Korea.
J Environ Manage. 2014 Nov 1;144:297-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.04.033. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Under the Kyoto Protocol, a global governmental response to climate change, protocol signatories make an effort to cut their greenhouse gas emissions. South Korea is not included in the list of Annex I countries; yet, South Korea is the seventh highest emitter of CO2. The South Korean government has enacted various institutional policies to encourage greenhouse gas reductions. While previous studies have focused on the guidance that reflects the stance of suppliers in the carbon market, this study focuses on South Korean firms' actual demand for forest carbon credits. By applying the contingent valuation method, we estimated domestic firms' willingness to pay for forest carbon credits. We then applied a rank-ordered logistic regression to confirm whether the rank of forest carbon credits, as compared to any other carbon credit, is influenced by a firm's characteristics. The results showed that Korean firms are willing to pay 5.45 USD/tCO2 and 7.77 USD/tCO2 for forest carbon credits in domestic and overseas forest carbon projects, respectively. Therefore, the introduction of forest carbon credits in the Korean carbon market seems reasonable. Analysis of the priority rankings of forest carbon credits, however, demonstrated that forestry projects were least likely to be ranked by firms as their first priority. Although relative preferences for forest carbon credits were influenced by individual firms' characteristics such as prior experience of environmental CSR related activities and whether the firm established an emissions reduction plan, the impact of perceived behavior control, whether the firm was included in the emissions target management scheme on forest carbon credits was negligible. Therefore, forest carbon credits are not a feasible solution without strong government support or institutional instruments. The results of this study are expected to provide policy makers with realistic approaches to formulate climatic change-related policies.
根据应对气候变化的全球性政府协议《京都议定书》，议定书签署国努力削减其温室气体排放。韩国未被列入附件一国家名单；然而，韩国是二氧化碳排放量第七高的国家。韩国政府已制定各种制度政策以鼓励减少温室气体排放。虽然先前的研究侧重于反映碳市场供应商立场的指导意见，但本研究关注韩国企业对森林碳信用额的实际需求。通过应用条件价值评估法，我们估算了国内企业为森林碳信用额支付的意愿。然后，我们应用有序逻辑回归来确认与其他任何碳信用额相比，森林碳信用额的排名是否受企业特征的影响。结果表明，韩国企业分别愿意为国内和海外森林碳项目的森林碳信用额支付5.45美元/吨二氧化碳和7.77美元/吨二氧化碳。因此，在韩国碳市场引入森林碳信用额似乎是合理的。然而，对森林碳信用额优先级排名的分析表明，林业项目最不可能被企业列为首要优先事项。虽然对森林碳信用额的相对偏好受个别企业的特征影响，如与环境企业社会责任相关活动的先前经验以及企业是否制定了减排计划，但感知行为控制的影响，即企业是否被纳入森林碳信用额的排放目标管理计划，其影响可以忽略不计。因此，没有强大的政府支持或制度手段，森林碳信用额不是一个可行的解决方案。本研究结果有望为政策制定者提供制定气候变化相关政策的现实方法。
