Khalil Amani A, Al-Modallal Hanan M, Abdalrahim Maysoon S, Arabiat Diana H, Abed Mona A, Zeilani Ruqayya S
Faculty of Nursing, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan and.
Ren Fail. 2014 Sep;36(8):1200-7. doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2014.928969. Epub 2014 Jun 30.
Public understanding of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important to ensure informed participation in CKD prevention programs. This study aimed to develop and to test the psychometric profile of the CKD Screening Index that measures patient's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CKD prevention and early detection.
A cross-sectional design was implemented and a total of 740 Jordanian patients recognized at risk for CKD were recruited by convenience sampling from out-patient departments. Development and psychometric validation of the CKD Screening Index were conducted in four phases: (1) item generation, (2) pilot study, (3) preliminary psychometric validation study to examine factor structure, and (4) final psychometric validation with 740 participants.
On factor analysis, 24 items categorical knowledge items loaded into one factor and yielded a Guttman Split-Half Coefficient of 0.80. In a separate factor analysis, 15 items were loaded on two attitude factors (Cronbach alpha coefficient = 0.69), and nine items loaded on two practice factors (Cronbach alpha coefficient = 0.68). The CKD Screening Index associated significantly and negatively with depressed and anxious patients compared to their counterparts.
This promising CKD Screening Index can be used for an early identification of patients at risk for CKD, thus, allowing the development of interventions to raise these patients' awareness. Future studies are needed on other populations with different cultural background to support reliability and validity of this new instrument.
公众对慢性肾脏病（CKD）的了解对于确保其明智地参与CKD预防项目至关重要。本研究旨在开发并测试CKD筛查指数的心理测量特征，该指数用于衡量患者关于CKD预防和早期检测的知识、态度及行为。
采用横断面设计，通过便利抽样从门诊部门招募了740名被认定有CKD风险的约旦患者。CKD筛查指数的开发和心理测量学验证分四个阶段进行：（1）条目生成；（2）预试验；（3）检验因子结构的初步心理测量学验证研究；（4）对740名参与者进行最终心理测量学验证。
在因子分析中，24个分类知识条目加载到一个因子上，古特曼折半系数为0.80。在另一项因子分析中，15个条目加载到两个态度因子上（克朗巴赫α系数 = 0.69），9个条目加载到两个行为因子上（克朗巴赫α系数 = 0.68）。与无抑郁和焦虑的患者相比，CKD筛查指数与抑郁和焦虑患者显著负相关。
这个很有前景的CKD筛查指数可用于早期识别有CKD风险的患者，从而制定干预措施以提高这些患者的意识。未来需要对其他具有不同文化背景的人群进行研究，以支持这一新工具的可靠性和有效性。
