Paugh Katherine
Bull Hist Med. 2014 Summer;88(2):225-52. doi: 10.1353/bhm.2014.0029.
This history of the disease categories "yaws" and "syphilis" explores the interplay between European and African medical cultures in the early modern Atlantic world. The assertion made by both early modern and modern medical authorities, that yaws and syphilis are the same disease, prompts a case study of the history of disease that reflects on a variety of issues in the history of medicine: the use of ideas about contagion to demarcate racial and sexual difference at sites around the British Empire; the contrast between persistently holistic ideas about disease causation in the Black Atlantic and the growth of ontological theories of disease among Europeans and Euro-Americans; and the controversy over the African practice of yaws inoculation, which may once have been an effective treatment but was stamped out by plantation owners who viewed it as a waste of their enslaved laborers' valuable time.
“雅司病”和“梅毒”这两种疾病的历史，探究了近代早期大西洋世界中欧洲和非洲医学文化之间的相互作用。近代早期和现代医学权威均断言雅司病和梅毒是同一种疾病，这引发了一项疾病史案例研究，该研究反映了医学史上的诸多问题：利用关于传染的观念在大英帝国各地划分种族和性别差异；在黑人大西洋地区关于疾病成因始终持有的整体观念与欧洲人和欧裔美国人中疾病本体论理论的发展之间的对比；以及关于非洲人接种雅司病疫苗做法的争议，这种做法曾可能是一种有效的治疗方法，但却被种植园主废止，因为他们认为这浪费了他们 enslaved laborers 的宝贵时间。 （注：enslaved laborers 直译为“被奴役的劳动者”，结合语境这里可能是指黑奴，但此翻译可能会引起歧义，需根据更详细的上下文来准确理解）
