Sepede Gianna, Spano Maria Chiara, Lorusso Marco, De Berardis Domenico, Salerno Rosa Maria, Di Giannantonio Massimo, Gambi Francesco
Gianna Sepede, Maria Chiara Spano, Marco Lorusso, Rosa Maria Salerno, Massimo Di Giannantonio, Francesco Gambi, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66013 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
World J Radiol. 2014 Jun 28;6(6):261-73. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i6.261.
To provide a systematic review of scientific literature on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on sustained attention in psychosis. We searched PubMed to identify fMRI studies pertaining sustained attention in both affective and non-affective psychosis. Only studies conducted on adult patients using a sustained attention task during fMRI scanning were included in the final review. The search was conducted on September 10(th), 2013. 15 fMRI studies met our inclusion criteria: 12 studies were focused on Schizophrenia and 3 on Bipolar Disorder Type I (BDI). Only half of the Schizophrenia studies and two of the BDI studies reported behavioral abnormalities, but all of them evidenced significant functional differences in brain regions related to the sustained attention system. Altered functioning of the insula was found in both Schizophrenia and BDI, and therefore proposed as a candidate trait marker for psychosis in general. On the other hand, other brain regions were differently impaired in affective and non-affective psychosis: alterations of cingulate cortex and thalamus seemed to be more common in Schizophrenia and amygdala dysfunctions in BDI. Neural correlates of sustained attention seem to be of great interest in the study of psychosis, highlighting differences and similarities between Schizophrenia and BDI.
对关于精神病患者持续性注意力的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究的科学文献进行系统综述。我们检索了PubMed，以确定有关情感性和非情感性精神病患者持续性注意力的fMRI研究。最终综述仅纳入了在fMRI扫描期间对成年患者进行持续性注意力任务的研究。检索于2013年9月10日进行。15项fMRI研究符合我们的纳入标准：12项研究聚焦于精神分裂症，3项聚焦于I型双相情感障碍（BDI）。只有一半的精神分裂症研究和两项BDI研究报告了行为异常，但所有研究均证明与持续性注意力系统相关的脑区存在显著功能差异。在精神分裂症和BDI中均发现岛叶功能改变，因此总体上被提议作为精神病的候选特质标记。另一方面，情感性和非情感性精神病中其他脑区受损情况不同：扣带回皮质和丘脑的改变在精神分裂症中似乎更常见，而杏仁核功能障碍在BDI中更常见。持续性注意力的神经关联在精神病研究中似乎很受关注，突出了精神分裂症和BDI之间的异同。
