Sokolova Alexandra B, Suslova Klara G, Efimov Alexander V, Miller Scott C
*Southern Urals Biophysics Institute (SUBI), Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia; †Radiobiology Division, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Health Phys. 2014 Aug;107(2):135-42. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000000081.
Comparisons between results of in vivo counting measurements of americium burden and results from radiochemical analyses of organ samples taken at autopsy of 11 cases of former Mayak workers were made. The in vivo counting measurements were performed 3-8 y before death. The best agreement between in vivo counting measurements for americium and autopsy data was observed for the skull. For lungs and liver, the ratios of burden measured by in vivo counting to those obtained from radiochemical analyses data ranged from 0.7-3.8, while those for the skull were from 1.0-1.1. There was a good correlation between the estimates of americium burden in the entire skeleton obtained from in vivo counting with those obtained from autopsy data. Specifically, the skeletal burden ratio, in vivo counting/autopsy, averaged 0.9 ± 0.1. The prior human americium model, D-Am2010, used in vivo counting measurements for americium in the skeleton to estimate the contents of americium and plutonium at death. The results using this model indicate that in vivo counting measurements of the skull can be used to estimate internal doses from americium in the Mayak workers. Additionally, these measurements may also be used to provide a qualitative assessment of internal doses from plutonium.
对11例马亚克工厂前工人尸体解剖时采集的器官样本进行放射化学分析的结果，与体内计数测量钚负荷的结果进行了比较。体内计数测量在死亡前3 - 8年进行。钚体内计数测量结果与尸检数据之间的最佳一致性在颅骨中观察到。对于肺和肝脏，体内计数测量的负荷与放射化学分析数据获得的负荷之比在0.7 - 3.8之间，而颅骨的该比值在1.0 - 1.1之间。从体内计数获得的整个骨骼中钚负荷估计值与尸检数据获得的估计值之间存在良好的相关性。具体而言，骨骼负荷比（体内计数/尸检）平均为0.9±0.1。先前的人体钚模型D-Am2010，使用骨骼中钚的体内计数测量来估计死亡时钚和镅的含量。使用该模型的结果表明，颅骨的体内计数测量可用于估计马亚克工厂工人中钚的内照射剂量。此外，这些测量还可用于对钚的内照射剂量进行定性评估。
