Southern Urals Biophysics Institute (SUBI), Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russian Federation.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 13;15(11):e0242151. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242151. eCollection 2020.
The radiochemical analysis of plutonium activity in urine is the main method for indirect estimation of doses of internal exposure from plutonium incorporation in professional workers. It was previously shown that late-in-life acute diseases, particularly those that affect the liver, can promote accelerated rates of release of plutonium from the liver with enhanced excretion rates. This initial study examines the relationships of some chronic diseases on plutonium excretion as well as the terminal relative distribution of plutonium between the liver and skeleton. Fourteen cases from former workers at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA) who provided from 4-9 urine plutonium bioassays for plutonium, had an autopsy conducted after death, and had sufficient clinical records to document their health status were used in this study. Enhanced plutonium excretion was associated with more serious chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and other diseases that involved the liver. These chronic diseases were also associated with relatively less plutonium found in the liver relative to the skeleton determined by analyses conducted after autopsy. These data further document health conditions that affect plutonium biokinetics and organ deposition and retention patterns and suggest that health status should be considered when conducting plutonium bioassays as these may alter subsequent dosimetry and risk models.
尿液中钚活性的放射化学分析是间接估算职业性内照射剂量的主要方法。先前的研究表明，终末期急性疾病，特别是影响肝脏的疾病，可能会促进钚从肝脏的释放速度加快，导致排泄率增加。本初步研究考察了一些慢性疾病对钚排泄的影响，以及钚在肝脏和骨骼之间的终末相对分布。本研究使用了来自马雅克生产联合体（Mayak PA）的 14 名前工作人员的资料，这些人在去世后进行了尸检，并提供了足够的临床记录来记录他们的健康状况。这些人提供了 4-9 次尿液钚生物监测，以评估他们体内的钚含量。研究发现，增强的钚排泄与更严重的慢性疾病有关，包括心血管疾病和其他涉及肝脏的疾病。这些慢性疾病也与尸检后分析确定的肝脏中相对较少的钚与骨骼中相对较少的钚有关。这些数据进一步证明了影响钚生物动力学和器官沉积和保留模式的健康状况，并表明在进行钚生物监测时应考虑健康状况，因为这可能会改变随后的剂量测定和风险模型。
