1] Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway [2] Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.
Br J Cancer. 2014 Aug 26;111(5):1014-20. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.364. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
The severity of cancers is often measured in number of deaths. However, number of years of life lost (YLL) may be a more appropriate indicator of impact on society. Here we have calculated the YLL of adult cancers in Norway for the year 2012, as well as for the previous 15-year period.
Data on age composition, expected remaining years of life, total numbers of deaths and deaths due to cancer were retrieved from the National Census Agency Statistics Norway. YLL were calculated for both sexes aged 25-99 years based on each individual's age at death, and the expected remaining years of life at that age.
Cancer deaths represented 25.8% of all adult deaths in 2012, with a lower fraction of females (28.7% in men and 23.1% in women), whereas cancer represented 35.2% of all YLL, with a higher fraction of females (32.8% in men and 37.8% in women). Females loose on average more life years to cancer than men (14.9 vs 12.7 years). Average YLL varied from 23.7 (cervical cancer) to 7.9 (prostate cancer). Lung cancer caused almost as many YLL alone (22.1% of cancer-caused YLL) as colon, prostate and breast cancer combined (23.1%). From 1997 to 2012, cancer-caused YLL as a fraction of all YLL increased from 32.5% to 35.2%, but with major differences among diagnoses.
Cancer is a major and increasing cause of premature deaths, and YLL may be a more accurate measure than number of deaths. Public health efforts and research funding should be explicitly directed at preventing premature deaths.
癌症的严重程度通常通过死亡人数来衡量。然而，生命损失年数（YLL）可能是更能反映对社会影响的一个指标。在此，我们计算了 2012 年以及过去 15 年挪威成年癌症患者的 YLL。
从挪威国家人口普查局的统计数据中获取了年龄构成、预期余寿、总死亡人数和癌症死亡人数的数据。根据每个人的死亡年龄和该年龄的预期余寿，计算了 25-99 岁的两性 YLL。
2012 年，癌症死亡占所有成年死亡的 25.8%，女性比例较低（男性为 28.7%，女性为 23.1%），而癌症占所有 YLL 的 35.2%，女性比例较高（男性为 32.8%，女性为 37.8%）。女性因癌症而失去的平均寿命比男性多（14.9 年比 12.7 年）。平均 YLL 从 23.7 岁（宫颈癌）到 7.9 岁（前列腺癌）不等。肺癌单独导致的 YLL 几乎与结肠癌、前列腺癌和乳腺癌总和（22.1%的癌症所致 YLL）一样多。1997 年至 2012 年，癌症所致 YLL 占所有 YLL 的比例从 32.5%增加到 35.2%，但不同诊断之间存在较大差异。
癌症是导致过早死亡的一个主要且日益严重的原因，YLL 可能比死亡人数更能准确衡量。公共卫生工作和研究资金应明确用于预防过早死亡。
