Van Vleet Thomas M, Chen Anthony, Vernon Alana, Novakovic-Agopian Tatjana, D'Esposito Mark T
a Veterans Administration Medical Center , Martinez , CA , USA.
Neurocase. 2015;21(4):489-98. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2014.928329. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
Many individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) suffer difficulty regulating fundamental aspects of attention (focus, sustained attention) and may also exhibit hypo- or hyper-states of alertness. Deficits in the state of attention may underlie or exacerbate higher order executive dysfunction. Recent studies indicate that computerized cognitive training targeting attentional control and alertness can ameliorate attention deficits evident in patients with TBI or acquired brain injury. The current study examined whether improvements in attentional state following training can also influence performance on higher-order executive function and mood in individuals with mild TBI (mTBI). The current study examined five patients with executive control deficits as a result of mTBI, with or without persistent anxiety. Three patients engaged in ~5 hours of an executive control training task targeting inhibitory control and sustained attention; two additional patients were re-tested following the same period of time. Performance on standard neuropsychological measures of attention, executive function, and mood were evaluated pre- and post-training. The results indicate that tonic and phasic alertness training may improve higher-order executive function and mood regulation in individuals with TBI.
许多创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者在调节注意力的基本方面（注意力集中、持续注意力）时存在困难，并且可能还会表现出警觉性的低或高状态。注意力状态的缺陷可能是高阶执行功能障碍的基础或使其恶化。最近的研究表明，针对注意力控制和警觉性的计算机化认知训练可以改善TBI或后天性脑损伤患者明显的注意力缺陷。当前的研究调查了训练后注意力状态的改善是否也会影响轻度TBI（mTBI）个体的高阶执行功能表现和情绪。当前的研究检查了五名因mTBI导致执行控制缺陷的患者，有无持续性焦虑。三名患者参与了约5小时针对抑制控制和持续注意力的执行控制训练任务；另外两名患者在相同时间段后重新进行测试。在训练前和训练后评估了注意力、执行功能和情绪的标准神经心理学测量指标上的表现。结果表明，紧张性和相位性警觉性训练可能会改善TBI个体的高阶执行功能和情绪调节。
