De Jong J A, DeRouchey J M, Tokach M D, Dritz S S, Goodband R D
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture.
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture
J Anim Sci. 2014 Aug;92(8):3471-81. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-7350. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
Four experiments were conducted to examine effects of dietary wheat middlings (midds), corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), and NE formulation on nursery pig performance and caloric efficiency. In Exp. 1, 180 nursery pigs (11.86 ± 0.02 kg BW and 39 d of age) were fed 1 of 5 diets for 21 d, with 6 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal based and included 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% wheat midds. Increasing wheat midds decreased (linear; P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI. Caloric efficiency improved (linear; P < 0.05) on both an ME (NRC, 1998) and NE (Sauvant et al., 2004) basis as dietary wheat midds increased. In Exp. 2, 210 pigs (6.85 ± 0.01 kg BW and 26 d of age) were fed 1 of 5 diets for 35 d, with 7 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal based and contained 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% wheat midds. Increasing wheat midds did not affect overall ADG or ADFI but decreased (quadratic; P < 0.013) G:F at 20%. Caloric efficiency for both ME and NE improved (quadratic; P < 0.05) as dietary wheat midds increased. In Exp. 3, 180 pigs (12.18 ± 0.4 kg BW and 39 d of age) were fed 1 of 6 experimental diets arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of DDGS (0 or 20%) and wheat midds (0, 10, or 20%) for 21 d, with 6 pigs per pen and 5 replications per treatment. No DDGS × wheat midds interactions were observed, and DDGS did not influence ADG, ADFI, or G:F, but increasing dietary wheat midds decreased (linear; P < 0.05) ADG, G:F, and final BW. In Exp. 4, 210 pigs (6.87 kg BW and 26 d of age) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments, with 7 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Wheat middlings (0, 10, or 20%) were added to the first 3 diets without balancing for energy. In diets 4 and 5, soybean oil was added (1.4 and 2.8%) to 10 and 20% wheat midds diets to balance to the same NE as the positive control (0% wheat midds). Overall, no wheat midds × fat interactions occurred. Regardless of formulated energy value, caloric efficiency and G:F were poorer (P < 0.05) on an ME basis as wheat midds increased from 10 to 20% of the diet but did not change when calculated on an NE basis. Results of these experiments indicate that wheat midds may be fed up to 10 to 15% of the diet without negatively affecting nursery pig performance and with no interactive effects when fed in combination with DDGS. Also, formulating on an NE basis provided for similar performance with increasing dietary wheat midds compared with a corn-soybean meal control diet.
进行了四项试验，以研究日粮中小麦麸、玉米干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）和净能（NE）配方对保育猪生产性能和能量效率的影响。在试验1中，180头保育猪（体重11.86±0.02千克，39日龄）被饲喂5种日粮中的1种，为期21天，每栏6头猪，每个处理6个重复。日粮以玉米-豆粕为基础，包含0、5、10、15或20%的小麦麸。随着小麦麸添加量的增加，平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）呈线性下降（P<0.05）。基于代谢能（ME，NRC，1998）和净能（NE，Sauvant等，2004），随着日粮中小麦麸添加量的增加，能量效率呈线性提高（P<0.05）。在试验2中，210头猪（体重6.85±0.01千克，26日龄）被饲喂5种日粮中的1种，为期35天，每栏7头猪，每个处理6个重复。日粮以玉米-豆粕为基础，包含0、5、10、15或20%的小麦麸。小麦麸添加量增加对总体ADG或ADFI没有影响，但在添加量为20%时，料重比（G:F）呈二次曲线下降（P<0.013）。随着日粮中小麦麸添加量的增加，ME和NE的能量效率均呈二次曲线提高（P<0.05）。在试验3中，180头猪（体重12.18±0.4千克，39日龄）被饲喂6种试验日粮中的1种，试验采用2×3析因设计，主要因素为DDGS（0或20%）和小麦麸（0、10或20%），为期21天，每栏6头猪，每个处理5个重复。未观察到DDGS×小麦麸的交互作用，DDGS对ADG、ADFI或G:F没有影响，但日粮中小麦麸添加量增加会使ADG、G:F和末重呈线性下降（P<0.05）。在试验4中，210头猪（体重6.87千克，26日龄）被分配到5种日粮处理中的1种，每栏7头猪，每个处理6个重复。在前3种日粮中添加小麦麸（0、10或20%），且未进行能量平衡。在日粮4和5中，分别向含10%和20%小麦麸的日粮中添加豆油（1.4%和2.8%），使其净能与正对照（0%小麦麸）相同。总体而言，未出现小麦麸×脂肪的交互作用。无论配方能量值如何，当小麦麸在日粮中的比例从10%增加到20%时，基于ME的能量效率和G:F均较差（P<0.05），但基于NE计算时则没有变化。这些试验结果表明，日粮中小麦麸的添加量可达10%至15%，而不会对保育猪的生产性能产生负面影响，且与DDGS配合使用时没有交互作用。此外，与玉米-豆粕对照日粮相比，基于NE进行配方设计时，随着日粮中小麦麸添加量的增加，猪的生产性能相似。
