Jones D T, Reed R R
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Science. 1989 May 19;244(4906):790-5. doi: 10.1126/science.2499043.
Biochemical and electrophysiological studies suggest that odorants induce responses in olfactory sensory neurons via an adenylate cyclase cascade mediated by a G protein. An olfactory-specific guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein alpha subunit has now been characterized and evidence is presented suggesting that this G protein, termed Golf, mediates olfaction. Messenger RNA that encodes Golf alpha is expressed in olfactory neuroephithelium but not in six other tissues tested. Moreover, within the olfactory epithelium, Golf alpha appears to be expressed only by the sensory neurons. Specific antisera were used to localize Golf alpha protein to the sensory apparatus of the receptor neurons. Golf alpha shares extensive amino acid identity (88 percent) with the stimulatory G protein, Gs alpha. The expression of Golf alpha in S49 cyc- kin- cells, a line deficient in endogenous stimulatory G proteins, demonstrates its capacity to stimulate adenylate cyclase in a heterologous system.
生化和电生理研究表明，气味剂通过由G蛋白介导的腺苷酸环化酶级联反应在嗅觉感觉神经元中诱导反应。现在已经鉴定出一种嗅觉特异性鸟苷三磷酸（GTP）结合蛋白α亚基，并且有证据表明这种被称为Golf的G蛋白介导嗅觉。编码Golfα的信使核糖核酸在嗅觉神经上皮中表达，但在其他六个测试组织中不表达。此外，在嗅觉上皮内，Golfα似乎仅由感觉神经元表达。使用特异性抗血清将Golfα蛋白定位到受体神经元的感觉器。Golfα与刺激性G蛋白Gsα具有广泛的氨基酸同一性（88%）。Golfα在缺乏内源性刺激性G蛋白的S49 cyc- kin-细胞系中的表达证明了其在异源系统中刺激腺苷酸环化酶的能力。
