Correa Adolfo, Bardenheier Barbara, Elixhauser Anne, Geiss Linda S, Gregg Edward
Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 350 Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 701, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA,
Matern Child Health J. 2015 Mar;19(3):635-42. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1553-5.
To describe recent trends in prevalence of pre-existing diabetes mellitus (PDM) (i.e., type 1 or type 2 diabetes) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among delivery hospitalizations in the United States. Data on delivery hospitalizations from 1993 through 2009 were obtained from the Health Care Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Diagnosis-Related Group codes were used to identify deliveries and diagnosis codes on presence of diabetes. Rates of hospitalizations with diabetes were calculated per 100 deliveries by type of diabetes, hospital geographic region, patient's age, degree of urbanicity of patient's residence, categorized median household income for patient's ZIP Code, expected primary payer, and type of delivery. From 1993 to 2009, age-standardized prevalence of diabetes per 100 deliveries increased from 0.62 to 0.90 for PDM (trend p < 0.001) and from 3.09 to 5.57 for GDM (trend p < 0.001). In 2009, correlates of PDM at delivery included older age [40-44 vs. 15-24: odds ratio 6.45 (95 % CI 5.27-7.88)], Medicaid/Medicare versus private payment sources [1.77 (95 % CI 1.59-1.98)], patient's ZIP Code with a median household income in bottom quartile versus other quartiles [1.54 (95 % CI 1.41, 1.69)], and C-section versus vaginal delivery [3.36 (95 % CI 3.10-3.64)]. Correlates of GDM at delivery were similar. Among U.S. delivery hospitalizations, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. In 2009, the prevalence of diabetes was higher among women in older age groups, living in ZIP codes with lower household incomes, or with public insurance.
描述美国分娩住院患者中既往糖尿病（PDM，即1型或2型糖尿病）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）患病率的近期趋势。1993年至2009年分娩住院的数据来自医疗保健成本与利用项目（HCUP）全国住院患者样本。使用诊断相关组代码识别分娩情况以及糖尿病存在情况的诊断代码。按糖尿病类型、医院地理区域、患者年龄、患者居住地区的城市化程度、患者邮政编码分类的家庭收入中位数、预期主要支付方以及分娩类型，计算每100例分娩中糖尿病住院率。1993年至2009年，每100例分娩中PDM的年龄标准化患病率从0.62升至0.90（趋势p<0.001），GDM从3.09升至5.57（趋势p<0.001）。2009年，分娩时PDM的相关因素包括年龄较大[40 - 44岁与15 - 24岁：比值比6.45（95%CI 5.27 - 7.88）]、医疗补助/医疗保险与私人支付来源[1.77（95%CI 1.59 - 1.
