Gulseven Osman, Wohlgenant Michael
Department of Economics, Middle East Technical University, Cankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Raleigh, NC, United States.
Appetite. 2014 Oct;81:284-94. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.105. Epub 2014 Jul 2.
This article investigates the socio-demographic determinants affecting the demand for functional and nutritional enhancements in milk products based on a two-stage model. In order to derive the implicit market values of these enhancements, first we estimated the relationship between the prices of differentiated dairy products and the amount or respectively the presence of specific characteristics in these products. Next, using these implicit prices along with the information on households' demographic background, we analyzed the socio-demographic factors that affect consumer demand for specific functional and nutritional enhancements. The model is estimated using a combined panel data set based on AC Nielsen Retail Homescan Panel and the USDA Nutrient Database. Our results indicate that being lactose/cholesterol free (LFCF) and organic implies substantially higher price premiums, whereas soy has a negative price. Socio-demographic factors such as income, racial profile, presence of children; education level and age have significant effects on the demand for functional enhancements. Specialty milk consumption increases with age, education, and presence of kids, whereas it declines with income. The ratio of specialty milk consumption to total milk consumption is substantially higher among Hispanic, Asian and African-American households.
本文基于两阶段模型研究了影响奶制品功能和营养强化需求的社会人口统计学决定因素。为了得出这些强化特征的隐含市场价值，首先我们估计了差异化乳制品价格与这些产品中特定特征的数量或存在情况之间的关系。接下来，利用这些隐含价格以及家庭人口背景信息，我们分析了影响消费者对特定功能和营养强化特征需求的社会人口统计学因素。该模型使用基于AC尼尔森零售家庭扫描面板和美国农业部营养数据库的综合面板数据集进行估计。我们的结果表明，无乳糖/胆固醇（LFCF）和有机意味着更高的价格溢价，而大豆则有负价格。收入、种族构成、子女情况、教育水平和年龄等社会人口统计学因素对功能强化特征的需求有显著影响。特殊牛奶的消费量随年龄、教育程度和孩子的存在而增加，而随收入下降。西班牙裔、亚裔和非裔美国家庭中特殊牛奶消费量与总牛奶消费量的比率显著更高。
