Liu Xiaohong, Wu Haizhen, Chang Xinyue, Tang Yufei, Liu Qin, Zhang Yuanxing
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Sep;40(1):99-108. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.030. Epub 2014 Jul 2.
Live attenuated vaccine is one of the efficient vaccine candidates in aquaculture, which can be easily delivered to fish via bath-vaccination. An outstanding advantage of bath-vaccination is that vaccine delivery is through the same route as that utilized by many fish pathogens, generating specific mucosal immune responses. In this work, we investigated the mucosal immune responses induced by a live attenuated Vibrio anguillarum vaccine in zebrafish via bath-vaccination. Bacteria proliferated rapidly in 3 h after vaccination and maintained at a high level until 6 h in the intestine. Besides, bacteria persisted in the intestine for a longer time whereas decreased rapidly in the skin and gills. Moreover, a significant up-regulation of TLR5 triggering a MyD88-dependent signaling pathway was observed in the intestine, which implied that flagella were the crucial antigenic component of the live attenuated vaccine. And macrophages and neutrophils showed active responses participating in antigen recognition and sampling after vaccination. Furthermore, an inflammation was observed with plenty of lymphocytes in the intestine at 24 h post vaccination but eliminated within 7 days. In conclusion, the live attenuated V. anguillarum vaccine induced notable mucosal immune responses in the intestine which could be used as a mucosal vaccine vector in the future.
减毒活疫苗是水产养殖中有效的候选疫苗之一，可通过浸浴免疫轻松接种到鱼类体内。浸浴免疫的一个突出优点是疫苗接种途径与许多鱼类病原体的感染途径相同，能产生特异性黏膜免疫反应。在本研究中，我们通过浸浴免疫研究了减毒活鳗弧菌疫苗在斑马鱼中诱导的黏膜免疫反应。接种疫苗后3小时内细菌在肠道内迅速增殖，并在6小时内维持在较高水平。此外，细菌在肠道内持续存在的时间更长，而在皮肤和鳃中迅速减少。此外，在肠道中观察到TLR5显著上调，触发了MyD88依赖的信号通路，这表明鞭毛是减毒活疫苗的关键抗原成分。接种疫苗后巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞表现出活跃反应，参与抗原识别和取样。此外，接种疫苗后24小时在肠道中观察到炎症，有大量淋巴细胞，但在7天内消除。总之，减毒活鳗弧菌疫苗在肠道中诱导了显著的黏膜免疫反应，未来可作为黏膜疫苗载体。
