Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia.
Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia 5095, Australia; CRC CARE, PO Box 486, Salisbury, South Australia 5106, Australia.
Chemosphere. 2014 Sep;111:352-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.116. Epub 2014 May 14.
The use of nanoscale Ag in textiles is one the most often mentioned uses of nano-Ag. It has previously been shown that significant amounts of the Ag in the textiles are released upon washing. However, the form of Ag present in the textiles remains largely unknown as product labelling is insufficient. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the solid phase speciation of Ag in original and washed silver textiles using XANES. The original Ag speciation in the textiles was found to vary greatly between different materials with Ag(0), AgCl, Ag2S, Ag-phosphate, ionic Ag and other species identified. Furthermore, within the same textile a number of different species were found to coexist. This is likely due to a combination of factors such as the synthesis processes at industrial scale and the possible reaction of Ag with atmospheric gases. Washing with two different detergents resulted in marked changes in Ag-speciation. For some textiles the two detergents induced similar transformation, in other textiles they resulted in very different Ag species. This study demonstrates that in functional Ag textiles a variety of different Ag species coexist before and after washing. These results have important implications for the risk assessment of Ag textiles because they show that the metallic Ag is only one of the many silver species that need to be considered.
纳米银在纺织品中的应用是纳米银最常被提及的用途之一。此前已经表明，大量的银在洗涤过程中被释放出来。然而，由于产品标签不足，纺织品中存在的银的形态在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，本研究旨在使用 XANES 研究原始和洗涤后的银纺织品中银的固相形态。研究发现，不同材料之间的纺织品中银的原始形态差异很大，其中鉴定出 Ag(0)、AgCl、Ag2S、Ag-磷酸盐、离子 Ag 和其他物质。此外，在同一纺织品中发现存在多种不同的物质共存。这可能是由于多种因素的结合，如工业规模的合成工艺以及银与大气气体的可能反应。用两种不同的洗涤剂洗涤后，银的形态发生了明显的变化。对于一些纺织品，两种洗涤剂诱导了相似的转化，而对于其他纺织品，它们导致了非常不同的银物质。本研究表明，在功能性银纺织品中，在洗涤前后存在多种不同的银物质共存。这些结果对银纺织品的风险评估具有重要意义，因为它们表明金属银只是需要考虑的多种银物质之一。
