Cardiothoracic Imaging Section, Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA,
Insights Imaging. 2014 Aug;5(4):493-506. doi: 10.1007/s13244-014-0340-6. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
Pulmonary arteries are not just affected by thrombus. Congenital and acquired conditions can also involve the pulmonary arteries. An awareness of these conditions is important for the radiologist interpreting chest computed tomography (CT).
The anatomy of the pulmonary arteries was reviewed. CT and magnetic resonance (MR) acquisition protocols for imaging the pulmonary arteries were discussed. The imaging appearances of congenital and acquired anomalies involving the pulmonary arteries, using CT and other modalities, were presented.
Imaging features of congenital anomalies presented include pulmonary agenesis, partial pulmonary artery agenesis, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary artery sling, congenital pulmonary artery stenosis and coronary to pulmonary artery fistula. Acquired pulmonary artery anomalies discussed include arteritis, infected aneurysm and sarcoma. Pulmonary artery filling defects besides thromboembolism are also discussed, including foreign body emboli. Imaging features of bronchogenic carcinoma and mediastinal fibrosis demonstrating compression of the pulmonary arteries are presented, followed by a brief discussion of post repair appearance of the pulmonary arteries for congenital heart disease.
Congenital and acquired pulmonary artery anomalies have a characteristic appearance on a variety of imaging modalities. An acquaintance with the imaging features of these anomalies is needed to avoid misinterpretation and reach the correct diagnosis. Teaching Points • Discuss a variety of congenital and acquired anomalies of the pulmonary arteries. • Discuss the imaging appearance of the presented congenital or acquired pulmonary artery anomalies. • Describe CT and MR acquisition protocols for imaging the pulmonary arteries. • Review the anatomy of the pulmonary arteries.
肺动脉不仅受到血栓的影响。先天性和获得性疾病也可能累及肺动脉。放射科医生在解读胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）时，了解这些情况非常重要。
回顾了肺动脉的解剖结构。讨论了用于成像肺动脉的 CT 和磁共振（MR）采集方案。使用 CT 和其他方式呈现了先天性和获得性异常累及肺动脉的影像学表现。
先天性异常的影像学表现包括肺缺如、部分肺动脉缺如、动脉导管未闭、肺动脉吊带、先天性肺动脉狭窄和冠状动脉肺动脉瘘。讨论的获得性肺动脉异常包括动脉炎、感染性动脉瘤和肉瘤。除了血栓栓塞外，还讨论了肺动脉充盈缺损，包括异物栓塞。介绍了支气管肺癌和纵隔纤维化显示压迫肺动脉的影像学表现，然后简要讨论了先天性心脏病修复后肺动脉的外观。
先天性和获得性肺动脉异常在各种影像学检查中有其特征性表现。为避免误诊，需要熟悉这些异常的影像学特征，以达到正确的诊断。
讨论各种先天性和获得性肺动脉异常。
讨论所呈现的先天性或获得性肺动脉异常的影像学表现。
描述用于成像肺动脉的 CT 和 MR 采集方案。
复习肺动脉的解剖结构。
