Department of Ecophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Department of Ecophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
J Cell Biol. 2014 Jul 7;206(1):7-17. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201403136.
Bacteria are polarized cells with many asymmetrically localized proteins that are regulated temporally and spatially. This spatiotemporal dynamics is critical for several fundamental cellular processes including growth, division, cell cycle regulation, chromosome segregation, differentiation, and motility. Therefore, understanding how proteins find their correct location at the right time is crucial for elucidating bacterial cell function. Despite the diversity of proteins displaying spatiotemporal dynamics, general principles for the dynamic regulation of protein localization to the cell poles and the midcell are emerging. These principles include diffusion-capture, self-assembling polymer-forming landmark proteins, nonpolymer forming landmark proteins, matrix-dependent self-organizing ParA/MinD ATPases, and small Ras-like GTPases.
细菌是具有许多不对称定位蛋白质的极化细胞，这些蛋白质在时间和空间上受到调节。这种时空动力学对于包括生长、分裂、细胞周期调控、染色体分离、分化和运动在内的几个基本细胞过程至关重要。因此，了解蛋白质如何在正确的时间找到它们的正确位置对于阐明细菌细胞功能至关重要。尽管显示时空动力学的蛋白质种类繁多，但细胞两极和细胞中部蛋白质定位的动态调节的一般原则正在出现。这些原则包括扩散捕获、自组装聚合物形成地标蛋白、非聚合物形成地标蛋白、依赖基质的自我组织 ParA/MinD ATPase 以及小 Ras 样 GTPase。
