Oxidation Biology Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Department of Biochemistry, Monash University Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2014 Jun 23;6:136. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00136. eCollection 2014.
Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of whole or part of chromosome 21 is the most common mental impairment. All people with DS suffer from cognitive decline and develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) by the age of 40. The appearance of enlarged early endosomes, followed by Amyloid βpeptide deposition, the appearance of tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles and basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) degeneration are the neuropathological characteristics of this disease. In this review we will examine the role of metal ion dyshomeostasis and the genes which may be involved in these processes, and relate these back to the manifestation of age-dependent cognitive decline in DS.
唐氏综合征（DS）是由 21 号染色体全部或部分三体引起的，是最常见的智力障碍。所有唐氏综合征患者都会出现认知能力下降，并在 40 岁前发展为阿尔茨海默病（AD）。早期内体增大，随后β淀粉样肽沉积、含tau 的神经原纤维缠结出现以及基底前脑胆碱能神经元（BFCN）退化是这种疾病的神经病理学特征。在这篇综述中，我们将研究金属离子动态平衡紊乱的作用以及可能涉及这些过程的基因，并将这些与 DS 中与年龄相关的认知能力下降的表现联系起来。
