University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
J Aging Health. 2014 Sep;26(6):1060-75. doi: 10.1177/0898264314541698. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
The objective of this study was to examine racial/ethnic differences in the probability and frequency of falls among adults aged 65 and older.
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) from 2000 to 2010, the authors conducted random-intercept logistic and Poisson regression analyses to examine whether race/ethnicity predicted the likelihood of a fall event and the frequency of falls.
The analytic sample included 10,484 older adults. Baseline analyses showed no significant racial/ethnic differences in the probability or number of falls. However, in the longitudinal random-intercept models, African Americans had significantly lower odds (0.65) of experiencing at least one fall compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Among fallers, African Americans had significantly fewer falls (24%) than non-Hispanic Whites, controlling for health and sociodemographic covariates (all ps < .05). Latinos did not differ from non-Hispanic Whites in the likelihood or number of falls.
African Americans are less likely to experience initial or recurrent falls than non-Hispanic Whites.
本研究旨在考察 65 岁及以上成年人中种族/民族差异对跌倒发生率和频率的影响。
本研究使用了 2000 年至 2010 年健康与退休研究（HRS）的数据，采用随机截距逻辑回归和泊松回归分析，以检验种族/民族是否能预测跌倒事件的发生概率和跌倒频率。
分析样本包括 10484 名老年人。基线分析显示，在跌倒的发生率和次数方面，不同种族/民族之间没有显著差异。然而，在纵向随机截距模型中，与非西班牙裔白人相比，非裔美国人发生至少一次跌倒的可能性显著降低（0.65）。在跌倒者中，非裔美国人的跌倒次数（24%）明显少于非西班牙裔白人，控制了健康和社会人口统计学协变量（所有 P 值均<.05）。与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔人群在跌倒的可能性和次数方面没有差异。
非裔美国人发生初次或复发性跌倒的可能性低于非西班牙裔白人。
