长期护理中的授权：执业范围还是工作描述？
Delegation in Long-term Care: Scope of practice or job description?
作者信息
Corazzini Kirsten N, Anderson Ruth A, Rapp Carla Gene, Mueller Christine, McConnell Eleanor S, Lekan Deborah
机构信息
School of Nursing, Duke University Medical Center ; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center.
School of Nursing, Queens University.
出版信息
Online J Issues Nurs. 2010 May 31;15(2). doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol15No02Man04.
This study is a qualitative, descriptive study of how registered nurses (RNs) (N=33) in leadership roles in institutionalized long-term care settings delegate care, including their strategies and processes for delegating care, and their perceptions of barriers to effective delegation and potential benefits of delegation. Findings indicate two key approaches to delegation, including the "follow the job description" approach, emphasizing adherence to facility-level roles and job descriptions, and the "consider the scope of practice" approach, emphasizing consideration of multiple aspects of scope of practice and licensure, and the context of care. While the former resulted in more clarity and certainty for the RN, the latter facilitated a focus on quality of resident care outcomes as linked to the delegation process. Barriers to effective delegation were comparable among RNs using either approach to delegation, and almost all RNs could describe benefits of delegation for long-term care.
本研究是一项定性描述性研究，旨在探讨在机构化长期护理环境中担任领导角色的注册护士（RN，共33名）如何分配护理工作，包括他们分配护理工作的策略和流程，以及他们对有效分配护理工作的障碍和分配护理工作潜在益处的看法。研究结果表明，分配护理工作有两种关键方法，包括“遵循职位描述”方法，强调遵守机构层面的角色和职位描述；以及“考虑执业范围”方法，强调考虑执业范围、执照的多个方面以及护理环境。虽然前者使注册护士的工作更清晰、更确定，但后者有助于将重点放在与分配护理工作过程相关的居民护理结果质量上。采用任何一种分配护理工作方法的注册护士在有效分配护理工作方面面临的障碍相当，几乎所有注册护士都能描述分配护理工作对长期护理的益处。
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