Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO) , Milan , Italy.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Jun 24;8:470. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00470. eCollection 2014.
The debate regarding neurocognitive functions in the early stages of HIV infection is still ongoing; different studies have reached contrasting conclusions, probably because many of them take into account different cohorts of patients. A main distinction is between HIV seropositive patients infected perinatally, and those infected postnatally. The aim of this paper is to review results on neurocognitive dysfunctions and other types of neurological involvement in a specific cohort of HIV+ patients infected postnatally: hemophilia patients. Such a review is relevant, as HIV seropositive patients infected postnatally are understudied with respect to patients infected perinatally, and as the results of the few studies aiming at comparing them are contrasting. Taken together, the 11 studies reviewed suggest the presence of both long-term neurocognitive dysfunctions and neurological alterations, such as the presence of atrophic changes and lesions in the white matter. The current review may offer new research insights into the neurocognitive dysfunctions in HIV-patients, and on the nature of such dysfunctions.
关于 HIV 感染早期的神经认知功能的争论仍在继续；不同的研究得出了相反的结论，这可能是因为它们中的许多研究都考虑了不同的患者群体。一个主要的区别是围产期感染的 HIV 阳性患者和后天感染的患者。本文的目的是回顾在后天感染的 HIV 阳性患者（血友病患者）这一特定患者群体中，神经认知功能障碍和其他类型的神经损伤的研究结果。这种回顾是相关的，因为与围产期感染的患者相比，后天感染的 HIV 阳性患者的研究较少，并且旨在比较它们的少数研究的结果存在差异。总的来说，11 项综述研究表明存在长期的神经认知功能障碍和神经损伤，如存在脑萎缩变化和白质病变。目前的综述可能为 HIV 患者的神经认知功能障碍及其性质的研究提供新的见解。
