Murayama Yoh, Ohba Hiromi, Yasunaga Masashi, Nonaka Kumiko, Takeuchi Rumi, Nishi Mariko, Sakuma Naoko, Uchida Hayato, Shinkai Shoji, Fujiwara Yoshinori
a Research Teams for Social Participation and Community Health , Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology , Tokyo , Japan.
Aging Ment Health. 2015;19(4):306-14. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2014.933309. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of an intergenerational program on elderly persons' symptoms of depressive mood and in improving their sense of coherence, which is an element for successful coping with stressors.
We evaluated an intervention research project (Research of Productivity by Intergenerational Sympathy [REPRINTS]), in which volunteers >65 years old read picture books to children in a school setting. The intervention group (REPRINTS) was recruited through intensive weekly training seminars for three months. The no-contact control group members were also recreated to participate in health checks and surveys for data collection purposes. Eventually, 26 participants in the intervention group and 54 in the control group were included for data analysis.
The age or gender was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA shows a time × group significant interaction effects. Analyses of the simple main effects showed that sense of meaningfulness significantly increased for members of the intervention group at all terms, with no changes in the control group over time. Multiple mediation analysis revealed that participation in the intergenerational program was associated with a sense of manageability which was also significantly related to depressive mood.
Intergenerational programs could serve as key health promoters among elderly people by decreasing the risk of social isolation and loneliness due to the greater sense of meaningfulness. However, given our limited sample size, generalizability was restricted and studies with larger cohorts are required to further validate our findings.
本研究旨在阐明代际项目对老年人抑郁情绪症状的影响，以及改善他们的连贯感，连贯感是成功应对压力源的一个要素。
我们评估了一个干预研究项目（代际同情提高生产力研究[REPRINTS]），在该项目中，65岁以上的志愿者在学校环境中给孩子们读绘本。干预组（REPRINTS）通过为期三个月的每周强化培训研讨会招募。无接触对照组的成员也被重新安排参与健康检查和调查以收集数据。最终，26名干预组参与者和54名对照组参与者被纳入数据分析。
干预组和对照组在年龄或性别上没有显著差异。双向重复测量方差分析显示时间×组存在显著的交互作用。简单主效应分析表明，干预组成员在所有时间段的意义感都显著增加，而对照组随时间没有变化。多重中介分析表明，参与代际项目与可管理感相关，而可管理感也与抑郁情绪显著相关。
代际项目可以通过增强意义感来降低社会隔离和孤独的风险，从而成为老年人重要的健康促进因素。然而，鉴于我们的样本量有限，普遍性受到限制，需要更大样本量的研究来进一步验证我们的发现。
