Lu Huanping, Li Zhian, Fu Shenglei, Méndez Ana, Gascó Gabriel, Paz-Ferreiro Jorge
Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
Chemosphere. 2015 Jan;119:209-216. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.024. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
The main goal of phytoremediation is to improve ecosystem functioning. Soil biochemical properties are considered as effective indicators of soil quality and are sensitive to various environmental stresses, including heavy metal contamination. The biochemical response in a soil contaminated with cadmium was tested after several treatments aimed to reduce heavy metal availability including liming, biochar addition and phytoextraction using Amaranthus tricolor L. Two biochars were added to the soil: eucalyptus pyrolysed at 600 °C (EB) and poultry litter at 400 °C (PLB). Two liming treatments were chosen with the aim of bringing soil pH to the same values as in the treatments EB and PLB. The properties studied included soil microbial biomass C, soil respiration and the activities of invertase, β-glucosidase, β-glucosaminidase, urease and phosphomonoesterase. Both phytoremediation and biochar addition improved soil biochemical properties, although results were enzyme specific. For biochar addition these changes were partly, but not exclusively, mediated by alterations in soil pH. A careful choice of biochar must be undertaken to optimize the remediation process from the point of view of metal phytoextraction and soil biological activity.
植物修复的主要目标是改善生态系统功能。土壤生化特性被视为土壤质量的有效指标，并且对包括重金属污染在内的各种环境胁迫敏感。在采取了旨在降低重金属有效性的几种处理措施后，测试了镉污染土壤中的生化响应，这些措施包括施用石灰、添加生物炭以及使用三色苋进行植物提取。向土壤中添加了两种生物炭：在600℃下热解的桉树生物炭（EB）和在400℃下热解的家禽粪便生物炭（PLB）。选择了两种石灰处理方式，目的是使土壤pH值达到与EB和PLB处理相同的值。所研究的特性包括土壤微生物生物量碳、土壤呼吸以及转化酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶、脲酶和磷酸单酯酶的活性。植物修复和添加生物炭均改善了土壤生化特性，尽管结果因酶而异。对于添加生物炭而言，这些变化部分但并非完全由土壤pH值的改变介导。从金属植物提取和土壤生物活性的角度来看，必须谨慎选择生物炭以优化修复过程。
