Hermann Robert, Baumgartner Rupert J, Sarc Renato, Ragossnig Arne, Wolfsberger Tanja, Eisenberger Martin, Budischowsky Andreas, Pomberger Roland
Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Leoben, Austria
University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Waste Manag Res. 2014 Sep;32(9 Suppl):48-58. doi: 10.1177/0734242X14541168. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
For the first time, basic technical and economic studies for landfill mining are being carried out in Austria on the basis of a pilot project. An important goal of these studies is the collection of elementary data as the basis for an integrated ecological and economic assessment of landfill mining projects with regard to their feasibility. For this purpose, economic, ecological, technical, organizational, as well as political and legal influencing factors are identified and extensively studied in the article. An important aspect is the mutual influence of the factors on each other, as this can significantly affect the development of an integrated assessment system. In addition to the influencing factors, the definition of the spatial and temporal system boundaries is crucial for further investigations. Among others, the quality and quantity of recovered waste materials, temporal fluctuations or developments in prices of secondary raw material and fuels attainable in the markets, and time and duration of dumping, play a crucial role. Based on the investigations, the spatial system boundary is defined in as much as all the necessary process steps, from landfill mining, preparing and sorting to providing a marketable material/product by the landfill operator, are taken into account. No general accepted definition can be made for the temporal system boundary because the different time-related influencing factors necessitate an individual project-specific determination and adaptation to the facts of the on-site landfill mining project.
奥地利首次在一个试点项目的基础上开展了垃圾填埋场开采的基础技术和经济研究。这些研究的一个重要目标是收集基础数据，作为对垃圾填埋场开采项目的可行性进行综合生态和经济评估的依据。为此，本文确定并广泛研究了经济、生态、技术、组织以及政治和法律等影响因素。一个重要方面是这些因素之间的相互影响，因为这会对综合评估系统的发展产生重大影响。除了影响因素外，空间和时间系统边界的定义对于进一步的研究至关重要。其中，回收废料的质量和数量、市场上可获得的二次原材料和燃料价格的时间波动或变化，以及倾倒的时间和持续时间，都起着关键作用。基于这些调查，空间系统边界的定义是，要考虑到从垃圾填埋场开采、准备和分类到垃圾填埋场运营商提供适销对路的材料/产品的所有必要工艺步骤。对于时间系统边界，无法给出普遍接受的定义，因为不同的时间相关影响因素需要针对具体项目进行个别确定，并根据现场垃圾填埋场开采项目的实际情况进行调整。
