Blanco Sandra, Frye Michaela
Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, United Kingdom.
Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2014 Dec;31:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
Over the last five decades more than 100 types of RNA modifications have been identified in organism of all kingdoms of life, yet their function and biological relevance remain largely elusive. The recent development of transcriptome-wide techniques to detect RNA modifications such as N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) and 5-methylcytidine (m(5)C) has not only created a new field of research 'the epitranscriptome' but also featured essential regulatory roles of RNA methylation in a wide range of fundamental cellular processes. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of m(6)A and m(5)C RNA methylation pathways and summarize how they impact normal tissues and contribute to human disease.
在过去的五十年里，在所有生命王国的生物体中已鉴定出100多种RNA修饰类型，但其功能和生物学相关性在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。最近用于检测RNA修饰（如N(6)-甲基腺苷（m(6)A）和5-甲基胞苷（m(5)C））的全转录组技术的发展，不仅开创了一个新的研究领域——“表观转录组学”，而且还突显了RNA甲基化在广泛的基本细胞过程中的重要调控作用。在这里，我们讨论了目前关于m(6)A和m(5)C RNA甲基化途径的知识，并总结了它们如何影响正常组织以及导致人类疾病。
