de Morais Sato Priscila, da Rocha Pereira Patrícia, de Carvalho Stelmo Isis, Unsain Ramiro Fernandez, Ulian Mariana Dimitrov, Sabatini Fernanda, Martins Paula Andrea, Scagliusi Fernanda Baeza
Department of Health, Clinics and Institutions, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Santos/SP - CEP: 11015-020, Santos/SP, Brazil.
Department of Health, Clinics and Institutions, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Rua Silva Jardim, 136 - Santos/SP - CEP: 11015-020, Santos/SP, Brazil.
Appetite. 2014 Nov;82:16-28. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.07.002. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with mothers living in the city of Santos, Brazil, in order to investigate their eating practices, and the interface between those practices and the concept of habitus. From a cluster analysis of the scores for dietary pattern and for food preparation and consumption, the mothers were categorised into five clusters of eating practices: practical mothers (19.8%), symbiotic mothers (3.2%), health-conscious hedonists (17.3%), traditionalists (34.6%), and family cooks (25.1%). To access the habitus of the eating-practice clusters, the following variables were compared: location of residence, profession, socioeconomic status, weight-loss practices, risk behaviours for eating disorders, disordered eating attitudes, body dissatisfaction, and cultural and technological consumption. For all the groups, the observed eating practices were permeated by responsibility for the family's diet, but with different manifestations. For symbiotic mothers, practical mothers, and family cooks, the primary function of their relation with food was to nourish their families, with little expression of their own tastes and preferences. The traditionalists and the health-conscious hedonists, on the other hand, manifested their role as mothers by providing food considered 'nutritionally proper' to their family members. Furthermore, aspects of contemporary lifestyles, such as little time for food, individualisation of meals, and consumption of processed foods, were found to coexist with the valorisation and maintenance of the traditional meals within some groups. The variety of eating practices could not be understood as a linear association between economic and cultural capitals; however, eating practices seemed to interact with those capitals, composing a habitus.
在巴西桑托斯市，针对母亲群体开展了一项基于人群的横断面研究，旨在调查她们的饮食习惯，以及这些习惯与习性概念之间的关联。通过对饮食模式、食物准备和消费得分进行聚类分析，母亲们被分为五类饮食行为群体：务实型母亲（19.8%）、共生型母亲（3.2%）、注重健康的享乐主义者（17.3%）、传统主义者（34.6%）和家庭厨师型（25.1%）。为了探究各饮食行为群体的习性，对以下变量进行了比较：居住地点、职业、社会经济地位、减肥习惯、饮食失调风险行为、饮食紊乱态度、身体不满以及文化和技术消费情况。对于所有群体而言，观察到饮食习惯都体现了对家庭饮食的责任感，但表现形式各异。对于共生型母亲、务实型母亲和家庭厨师型母亲来说，她们与食物关系的主要功能是滋养家人，很少表达自身的口味和偏好。另一方面，传统主义者和注重健康的享乐主义者通过为家人提供被认为“营养合适”的食物来体现其母亲的角色。此外，在一些群体中，发现当代生活方式的一些方面，如用餐时间少、饮食个体化以及加工食品的消费，与传统饮食的重视和维持并存。饮食习惯的多样性不能被理解为经济资本和文化资本之间的线性关联；然而，饮食习惯似乎与这些资本相互作用，构成了一种习性。
