Erasmus MC department of Neuroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Erasmus MC department of Neurology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Parkinsons Dis. 2014;4(4):599-608. doi: 10.3233/JPD-140401.
The antisaccade (AS) paradigm is frequently used to assess errors in reflexive behavioral responses in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Although PD pathology of frontal-striatal circuits suggests increased errors, reports on sensitivity and specificity of the AS task are lacking. We increased the level of cognitive complexity by adding to the AS task an antitapping instruction, i.e. an antisaccade and antitapping (ASAT) task.
In this study, we compared saccadic error rates between PD patients and age-matched controls in 1) an AS task, using only eye movements and 2) an ASAT task, using eye and hand movements.
30 PD patients en 30 healthy age-matched controls performed an AS task and an ASAT task. The measurement setup consisted of a touch screen, an eye tracking system and a motion capture system. Error rates and eye - and hand latencies were compared between groups.
PD patients show higher error rates in the ASAT task, but not in the AS task compared to controls. In correctly performed ASAT task trials, PD patients are on average 60 milliseconds faster to initiate an eye movement. Subject classification based on error rates and eye latencies in the ASAT task results in a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.63.
The results suggest that saccadic error rates and eye latencies in the cognitively more demanding ASAT task are sensitive measures to differentiate PD patients from controls. This task is a potentially useful addition to current methods to investigate visuomotor deficits in PD.
反扫视（AS）范式常用于评估帕金森病（PD）患者反射性行为反应中的错误。尽管额纹状体回路的 PD 病理学表明错误增加，但缺乏关于 AS 任务的敏感性和特异性的报告。我们通过在 AS 任务中添加反敲击指令（即反扫视和反敲击（ASAT）任务）来增加认知复杂性的水平。
在这项研究中，我们比较了 PD 患者和年龄匹配的对照组在 1）仅使用眼动的 AS 任务和 2）使用眼动和手动的 ASAT 任务中的扫视错误率。
30 名 PD 患者和 30 名健康年龄匹配的对照组进行了 AS 任务和 ASAT 任务。测量设置包括触摸屏、眼动跟踪系统和运动捕捉系统。比较了组间的错误率和眼动和手动潜伏期。
与对照组相比，PD 患者在 ASAT 任务中的错误率更高，但在 AS 任务中则不然。在正确执行的 ASAT 任务试验中，PD 患者平均提前 60 毫秒开始眼动。基于 ASAT 任务中的错误率和眼动潜伏期的受试者分类，敏感性为 0.77，特异性为 0.63。
结果表明，认知要求更高的 ASAT 任务中的扫视错误率和眼动潜伏期是区分 PD 患者和对照组的敏感指标。该任务是当前研究 PD 中视动障碍的方法的一个潜在有用的补充。
