Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1140 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France;
Department of Physiology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Unite Mixte de Recherche-S U970 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France;
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2014 Sep 1;307(5):H649-57. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00291.2014. Epub 2014 Jul 11.
High-protein-low-carbohydrate (HP-LC) diets have become widespread. Yet their deleterious consequences, especially on glucose metabolism and arteries, have already been underlined. Our previous study (2) has already shown glucose intolerance with major arterial dysfunction in very old mice subjected to an HP-LC diet. The hypothesis of this work was that this diet had an age-dependent deleterious metabolic and cardiovascular outcome. Two groups of mice, young and adult (3 and 6 mo old), were subjected for 12 wk to a standard or to an HP-LC diet. Glucose and lipid metabolism was studied. The cardiovascular system was explored from the functional stage with Doppler-echography to the molecular stage (arterial reactivity, mRNA, immunohistochemistry). Young mice did not exhibit any significant metabolic modification, whereas adult mice presented marked glucose intolerance associated with an increase in resistin and triglyceride levels. These metabolic disturbances were responsible for cardiovascular damages only in adult mice, with decreased aortic distensibility and left ventricle dysfunction. These seemed to be the consequence of arterial dysfunctions. Mesenteric arteries were the worst affected with a major oxidative stress, whereas aorta function seemed to be maintained with an appreciable role of cyclooxygenase-2 to preserve endothelial function. This study highlights for the first time the age-dependent deleterious effects of an HP-LC diet on metabolism, with glucose intolerance and lipid disorders and vascular (especially microvessels) and cardiac functions. This work shows that HP-LC lead to equivalent cardiovascular alterations, as observed in very old age, and underlines the danger of such diet.
高蛋白低碳水化合物（HP-LC）饮食已经广泛流行。然而，它们对葡萄糖代谢和动脉的有害影响已经得到了强调。我们之前的研究已经表明，非常老的老鼠在接受 HP-LC 饮食后会出现葡萄糖不耐受和主要动脉功能障碍。这项工作的假设是，这种饮食对代谢和心血管有年龄依赖性的有害影响。两组老鼠，年轻和成年（3 个月和 6 个月大），分别接受 12 周的标准或 HP-LC 饮食。研究了葡萄糖和脂质代谢。从多普勒超声心动图的功能阶段到分子阶段（动脉反应性、mRNA、免疫组织化学）探索了心血管系统。年轻老鼠没有表现出任何明显的代谢改变，而成年老鼠则表现出明显的葡萄糖不耐受，同时抵抗素和甘油三酯水平升高。这些代谢紊乱仅在成年老鼠中导致心血管损伤，表现为主动脉顺应性降低和左心室功能障碍。这些似乎是动脉功能障碍的结果。肠系膜动脉受到的影响最大，存在严重的氧化应激，而主动脉功能似乎通过环氧合酶-2来维持，以维持内皮功能。这项研究首次强调了 HP-LC 饮食对代谢的年龄依赖性有害影响，导致葡萄糖不耐受和脂质紊乱以及血管（特别是微血管）和心脏功能受损。这项工作表明，HP-LC 导致了与老年时观察到的等效的心血管改变，强调了这种饮食的危险。
