Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) UMR1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France. University Blaise Pascal, UMR1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Génomique, Genoscope, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry, France.
Science. 2014 Jul 18;345(6194):1249721. doi: 10.1126/science.1249721.
We produced a reference sequence of the 1-gigabase chromosome 3B of hexaploid bread wheat. By sequencing 8452 bacterial artificial chromosomes in pools, we assembled a sequence of 774 megabases carrying 5326 protein-coding genes, 1938 pseudogenes, and 85% of transposable elements. The distribution of structural and functional features along the chromosome revealed partitioning correlated with meiotic recombination. Comparative analyses indicated high wheat-specific inter- and intrachromosomal gene duplication activities that are potential sources of variability for adaption. In addition to providing a better understanding of the organization, function, and evolution of a large and polyploid genome, the availability of a high-quality sequence anchored to genetic maps will accelerate the identification of genes underlying important agronomic traits.
我们生成了六倍体普通小麦 1 千兆碱基 3B 染色体的参考序列。通过对 8452 个细菌人工染色体进行池测序，我们组装了一段 7740 兆碱基的序列，其中包含 5326 个编码蛋白的基因、1938 个假基因和 85%的转座元件。染色体上结构和功能特征的分布揭示了与减数分裂重组相关的分区。比较分析表明，小麦具有高度特异性的染色体间和染色体内基因重复活动，这是适应的潜在变异来源。除了更好地理解大而多倍体基因组的组织、功能和进化外，高质量序列与遗传图谱的结合将加速鉴定重要农艺性状相关基因。
