单侧鼻孔和交替鼻孔调息法对心血管参数及反应时间的不同影响。
Differential effects of uninostril and alternate nostril pranayamas on cardiovascular parameters and reaction time.
作者信息
Bhavanani Ananda Bhavanani, Ramanathan Meena, Balaji R, Pushpa D
机构信息
Deputy Director, Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education, and Research, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India.
Co ordinator and Yoga Therapist, Centre for Yoga Therapy, Education, and Research, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India.
出版信息
Int J Yoga. 2014 Jan;7(1):60-5. doi: 10.4103/0973-6131.123489.
BACKGROUND
Recent studies have reported the differential physiological and psychological effects of yogic uninostril breathing (UNB) and alternate nostril breathing (ANB) techniques. This study aims to determine differential effects of these techniques on reaction time (RT), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty yoga-trained subjects came to the lab on six different days and RT, HR, and BP were recorded randomly before and after nine rounds of right UNB (surya nadi [SN]), left UNB (chandra nadi [CN]), right initiated ANB (surya bhedana [SB]), left initiated ANB (chandra bhedana [CB]), nadi shuddhi (NS), and normal breathing (NB).
RESULTS
Overall comparison of ∆ % changes showed statistically significant differences between groups for all parameters. There was an overall reduction in HR- and BP-based parameters following CB, CN, and NS with concurrent increases following SB and SN. The differential effects of right nostril initiated (SB and SN) and left nostril initiated (CB, CN, and NS) UNB and ANB techniques were clearly evidenced. Changes following NB were insignificant in all respects. The overall comparison of ∆ % changes for RT showed statistically significant differences between groups that were significantly lowered following both SB and SN.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Our study provides evidence of sympathomimetic effects of right nostril initiated pranayamas with sympatholytic/parasympathomimetic effect following left nostril initiated pranayamas. We suggest that the main effect of UNB and ANB techniques is determined by the nostril used for inspiration rather than that used for expiration. We conclude that right and left yogic UNB and ANB techniques have differential physiological effects that are in tune with the traditional swara yoga concept that air flow through right nostril (SN and pingala swara) is activatory in nature, whereas the flow through left nostril (CN and ida swara) is relaxatory.
背景
最近的研究报告了瑜伽单侧鼻孔呼吸（UNB）和交替鼻孔呼吸（ANB）技术在生理和心理方面的不同影响。本研究旨在确定这些技术对反应时间（RT）、心率（HR）和血压（BP）的不同影响。
材料与方法
20名接受过瑜伽训练的受试者在六个不同的日子来到实验室，在进行九轮右侧UNB（太阳脉[SN]）、左侧UNB（月亮脉[CN]）、右侧起始的ANB（太阳穿刺[SB]）、左侧起始的ANB（月亮穿刺[CB]）、脉轮净化（NS）和正常呼吸（NB）之前和之后随机记录RT、HR和BP。
结果
∆%变化的总体比较显示，所有参数在各组之间存在统计学显著差异。CB、CN和NS后基于HR和BP的参数总体下降，而SB和SN后则同时上升。右侧鼻孔起始（SB和SN）和左侧鼻孔起始（CB、CN和NS）的UNB和ANB技术的不同影响得到了明确证明。NB后的变化在各方面均不显著。RT的∆%变化的总体比较显示，各组之间存在统计学显著差异，但SB和SN后均显著降低。
讨论与结论
我们的研究提供了证据，表明右侧鼻孔起始的调息法具有拟交感神经作用，而左侧鼻孔起始的调息法具有抗交感神经/拟副交感神经作用。我们认为，UNB和ANB技术的主要影响取决于用于吸气的鼻孔，而不是用于呼气的鼻孔。我们得出结论，右侧和左侧瑜伽UNB和ANB技术具有不同的生理影响，这与传统的脉轮瑜伽概念一致，即通过右侧鼻孔（SN和平加拉脉）的气流本质上是激活性的，而通过左侧鼻孔（CN和伊达脉）的气流是放松性的。
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