FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Cell. 2014 Jul 17;158(2):422-433. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.041.
Tractable microbial communities are needed to bridge the gap between observations of patterns of microbial diversity and mechanisms that can explain these patterns. We developed cheese rinds as model microbial communities by characterizing in situ patterns of diversity and by developing an in vitro system for community reconstruction. Sequencing of 137 different rind communities across 10 countries revealed 24 widely distributed and culturable genera of bacteria and fungi as dominant community members. Reproducible community types formed independent of geographic location of production. Intensive temporal sampling demonstrated that assembly of these communities is highly reproducible. Patterns of community composition and succession observed in situ can be recapitulated in a simple in vitro system. Widespread positive and negative interactions were identified between bacterial and fungal community members. Cheese rind microbial communities represent an experimentally tractable system for defining mechanisms that influence microbial community assembly and function.
需要可处理的微生物群落来弥合微生物多样性模式的观察与可以解释这些模式的机制之间的差距。我们通过对多样性的原位模式进行表征，并开发了一种用于群落重建的体外系统，将奶酪外皮作为模型微生物群落。对来自 10 个国家的 137 个不同外皮群落的测序显示，有 24 个分布广泛且可培养的细菌和真菌属作为优势群落成员。生产地的地理位置对可重复的群落类型没有影响。密集的时间采样表明，这些群落的组装具有高度的可重复性。在原位观察到的群落组成和演替模式可以在一个简单的体外系统中重现。细菌和真菌群落成员之间存在广泛的正相互作用和负相互作用。奶酪外皮微生物群落是一个可用于定义影响微生物群落组装和功能的机制的实验可处理系统。
