King Ashley B, Goldman Howard B
Center for Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave. Q10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA,
Curr Urol Rep. 2014 Sep;15(9):436. doi: 10.1007/s11934-014-0436-z.
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in women has received less focus in the past, as compared with BOO in men; however, more recently, studies have further examined BOO and voiding dysfunction in women to define the various etiologies, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies. The differential diagnosis in women is broad and includes anatomic, neurologic, and functional etiologies. This review focuses on the functional etiologies, including dysfunctional voiding, Fowler's syndrome, and primary bladder neck obstruction in adult women.
与男性膀胱出口梗阻（BOO）相比，女性膀胱出口梗阻在过去受到的关注较少；然而，最近，研究进一步探讨了女性的膀胱出口梗阻和排尿功能障碍，以明确各种病因、诊断标准和治疗策略。女性的鉴别诊断范围广泛，包括解剖学、神经学和功能性病因。本综述重点关注功能性病因，包括成年女性的排尿功能障碍、福勒综合征和原发性膀胱颈梗阻。
