Rivina Leena, Davoren Michael, Schiestl Robert H
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E, Young Dr, South, CHS 71-295, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Hum Genomics. 2014 Jul 25;8(1):13. doi: 10.1186/1479-7364-8-13.
The use of radiation therapy is a cornerstone of modern cancer treatment. The number of patients that undergo radiation as a part of their therapy regimen is only increasing every year, but this does not come without cost. As this number increases, so too does the incidence of secondary, radiation-induced neoplasias, creating a need for therapeutic agents targeted specifically towards incidence reduction and treatment of these cancers. Development and efficacy testing of these agents requires not only extensive in vitro testing but also a set of reliable animal models to accurately recreate the complex situations of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. As radiation-induced leukemic progression often involves genomic changes such as rearrangements, deletions, and changes in methylation, the laboratory mouse Mus musculus, with its fully sequenced genome, is a powerful tool in cancer research. This fact, combined with the molecular and physiological similarities it shares with man and its small size and high rate of breeding in captivity, makes it the most relevant model to use in radiation-induced leukemia research. In this work, we review relevant M. musculus inbred and F1 hybrid animal models, as well as methods of induction of radiation-induced myeloid leukemia. Associated molecular pathologies are also included.
放射治疗的应用是现代癌症治疗的基石。作为治疗方案一部分接受放疗的患者数量逐年增加，但这并非没有代价。随着这一数字的增加，继发性辐射诱发肿瘤的发生率也在上升，因此需要专门针对降低这些癌症的发生率和进行治疗的治疗药物。这些药物的开发和疗效测试不仅需要广泛的体外测试，还需要一组可靠的动物模型来准确重现辐射致癌的复杂情况。由于辐射诱发的白血病进展通常涉及基因组变化，如重排、缺失和甲基化变化，实验室小鼠小家鼠具有完全测序的基因组，是癌症研究中的有力工具。这一事实，再加上它与人类在分子和生理上的相似性，以及它体型小、圈养繁殖率高的特点，使其成为辐射诱发白血病研究中最相关的模型。在这项工作中，我们综述了相关的小家鼠近交系和F1杂交动物模型，以及辐射诱发髓系白血病的诱导方法。还包括相关的分子病理学。
