中国新型农村合作医疗制度在慢性病方面是否促进了农村老年人获得医疗服务？
Does China's new cooperative medical scheme promote rural elders' access to healthcare services in relation to chronic conditions?
作者信息
Dai Baozhen
机构信息
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
出版信息
Int Health. 2015 Jan;7(1):32-41. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihu050. Epub 2014 Aug 4.
BACKGROUND
This study examined use of healthcare services by elderly people with a long-term condition living in rural China and participating in that country's New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS).
METHODS
Data were taken from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey.
RESULTS
The study results showed that education level and annual income were low among rural elders (aged ≥65 years); the illiteracy rate was 58.0% (200/345) and 67.6% (92/136) had an annual income of less than 5000 Chinese yuan renminbi. The elders had low rates of treatment and use of preventive healthcare services while the prevalence of chronic disease was highest among them when compared to other age groups. Among the few elders who received preventive healthcare, most received it at village clinics.
CONCLUSIONS
Preventive healthcare services and chronic disease management are urgently needed by rural elders in China. NCMS should initiate payments to township health centers to enable them to undertake community outreach and education campaigns among rural residents, and train village doctors in standard chronic condition management and prevention, with prioritization of the provision of prevention and management of chronic conditions by village clinics.
背景
本研究调查了中国农村地区患有长期疾病并参加新型农村合作医疗制度（新农合）的老年人的医疗服务使用情况。
方法
数据取自2009年中国健康与营养调查。
结果
研究结果显示，农村老年人（年龄≥65岁）的教育水平和年收入较低；文盲率为58.0%（200/345），67.6%（92/136）的年收入低于5000元人民币。老年人接受治疗和预防性医疗服务的比例较低，而与其他年龄组相比，他们的慢性病患病率最高。在少数接受预防性医疗的老年人中，大多数是在村诊所接受的。
结论
中国农村老年人迫切需要预防性医疗服务和慢性病管理。新农合应启动向乡镇卫生院的支付，使其能够在农村居民中开展社区宣传和教育活动，并对村医进行标准的慢性病管理和预防培训，优先由村诊所提供慢性病的预防和管理。
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